符号学；用户任务模型；用户概念模型；用户思维模型；传统文化。

Semeiology; User's task model; User's concept model; User's thinking model; traditional culture.

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隐喻帮助用户“理解”概念模型。

Metaphors help users "get" a conceptual model.

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基于这点，用户会对期望的工作流有一个概念模型，例如能够创建一封新的信件，能够选择收件人，能够发送邮件等。

Based on this, a user has a conceptual model of this task that includes certain expectations, such as the ability to create a new letter, select a recipient, and send the letter.

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