地质学家把板块运动及这种运动所造成的后果看作是板块构造运动。
Geologists describe the motion of the plates and the consequences of such motion as plate tectonics.
地壳从地幔中熔融出来是地质学立论的基础，也是板块构造运动的基本原因。
The Earth's crust being molten and differentiated from the mantle has long been the foundation of geology and also has been taken as the fundamental cause of plate movement.
渐变论者认为恐龙死亡的原因是哺乳动物的过度竞争和板块构造运动引起的气候渐变。
Gradualists believe that the cause of the demise of the dinosaurs was over competition by mammals and gradual climatic changes caused by plate tectonics.
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