1994年，该城市的地位开始下降，工业开始衰退，人口开始流失，人们向哈萨克斯坦的其他行政区域转移，或者移民到俄罗斯或者德国。
The degradation began in the 1993-1994, industry felt into decay, outflow of population started, people moved to the other regions of Kazakhstan, to Russia and Germany.
隋唐以后，狗肉地位迅速下降，社会上层人士开始拒食狗肉，而下层普通民众也只有在非正式场合才品尝狗肉。
The upper classes began to reject eating the meat of dogs, while the lower classes tasted it only in informal situations after the Sui and Tang Dynasties.
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