应用反复冻融法以衣藻原生质体为材料制备衣藻染色质，应用显微操作技术准确将衣藻染色质转移到烟草叶片外植体中，进行连续培养并镜检观察。

Then we exactly transformed the chromatin to the explants of the tobacco leaves by the micromanipulation, and then we cultured the explants, observed by the fluorescent microscope every day.

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通过无网格技术，改进了离散元法应变、应力的计算方案，使其能够在连续介质大变形的计算中得到更为准确的应变、应力分布。

Moreover, a new technique for calculating the strain and stress of DEM model has been proposed by using the concept of meshless method.

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