这样的受体可以是蛋白质、酶、膜通道或外来病原体的一个区域。

Thus a receptor may be a protein, enzyme, membrane channel, or a region of a foreign pathogen.

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我们进一步用膜通道阻断剂验证，发现胞外钙的流入主要是通过N型钙通道和电压门控钠通道流入胞内的。

Furthermore, the external calcium was found to influx mainly through N-type calcium channels and voltage-gated sodium channels.

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虽然，囊性纤维跨膜通道调节因子基因（CFTR）突变是这种疾病的病因，但在患有CF的病人之间的不同基因的变异会改变这种疾病的严重度。

Although it is known that mutations in the CFTR gene cause the disease, variations in other genes between individuals with CF modify the severity of the disease.

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So, that is just a quick example for some of you, you might be very familiar with ion channels, others might not know what these are, so I'll just tell you quite briefly that ion channels are these very massive transmembrane proteins.

这对你们中的某些人来说仅仅是个小例子，有些人可能已经非常熟悉离子通道这个概念了，但有些人可能还不清楚，那么就让我来简单地介绍一下离子通道,就是这些巨大的跨膜蛋白。

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There's a local change in the membrane, that local change involves opening of channels that allow ions to pass through regions where they couldn't pass through before, that results in a change in voltage.

膜上会发生局部变化,局部变化包括离子通道开启,使离子通过,先前不能通过的区域,从而引起电压的变化

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Now, sodium and potassium don't ordinarily move across membranes, they're charged molecules, they can't dissolve, they can't permeate through a cell membrane, but they go through because there are channels that allow them to pass through in the membrane.

钠和钾通常是不能跨过细胞膜的,它们都是带电粒子,它们不能溶解在细胞膜中,不能渗透通过细胞膜,但它们之所以能通过细胞膜,全赖膜上离子通道的作用

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