1977年，科学家们乘坐“树洞海洋学会”的阿尔文号潜水艇，在加拉帕戈斯海脊首次发现了这些火山口。

The first of these vents was discovered in 1977 on the Galapagos ridge by scientists in the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution's submersible, Alvin.

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加州大学圣迭戈分校的盖尔·海漫博士主持了这项研究，他总结出了破坏亲子关系的七个白色谎言。

Professor Gail Heyman, of the University of California, San Diego, who conducted the study, concluded that even small white lies undermine the parental bond.

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因此，戈尔茨坦的小组可以通过制造干细胞来研究阿茨海默症患者脑细胞的病变。

For example, Goldstein said his team can generate stem cells that imitate changes in the brain cells of patients with Alzheimer’s.

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