结余：超额准备金 ….
equals: Excess reserves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,000
总准备金的增加会有多少成为超额准备金而不被使用？
To what extent will the increase in total reserves remain unused as excessreserves?
在美联储资产负债表的负债部分，零利率的超额准备金增加了大约1万亿。
On the liability side of the Fed's ledger, excess reserves that pay close to zero interest have expanded by about $1 trillion.
对那些在美联储存有准备金的机构来说，超额准备金基本上等同于中期国债。
For institutions that can hold reserves at the Fed, excess reserves are essentially equivalent to Treasury bills.
金融机构有权决定自己的超额准备金率，以及是否使用这部分存款。
Financial institutions have the right to determine their own excess reserve ratios and whether to use this part of deposit.
估计07 年上半年末，所有上市银行的超额准备金率约在2.94%。
We estimated the excess ratio of all listed banks reached about 2.94% as the end of 1H07.
因此，超额准备金似乎也带有某种“缓冲”性质，而非积极参与（或催生）放贷和经济活动。
The excess reserves thus seem to have taken on the status of a buffer, rather than actively participating in, and engendering, lending and economic activity.
当且当经济改善和机构不再有对零利息的低风险超额准备金的大量需求，退出策略才能生效。
The exit strategy comes into play when and if the economy has improved and, hence, institutions no longer have an enormous demand for low-risk excess reserves that pay zero interest.
超额准备金率反映了金融机构流动性的情况，并且超额储备也是提供信贷的基础。
Excess reserve ratio reflects the conditions of the liquidity of financial institutions, and excess reserve is the base of credit delivery.
金融机构超额准备金账户占其存款总额的比例叫做超额储备金率，它是非强制性的。
The proportion that financial institutions' excess reserve accounts for its total deposits is excess reserve ratio which is non-compulsory.
在这种情况下，央行通过增加超额准备金，实际上等于将商业银行的负债货币化，从而增加货币流通量。
In this case the central bank - by increasing excess reserves - would DE facto monetize commercial bank liabilities and thus increase the outstanding stock of money.
由于这笔所谓的超额准备金数额巨大，人们担心经济稍有好转，银行贷款就将猛增，从而引发通货膨胀。
This huge sum of so-called excess reserves has led to worries that any upturn in the economy will be met with an inflationary lending spike from Banks.
既然为新的100美元的存款只需要保留10美元，90美元都是超额准备金并可以生出900美元的新存款（7）。
Since only $10 mustbe held against the new $100 in deposits, $90 is excess reserves and can giverise to $900 of additional deposits(7).
另一个可能是美联储采取包括：下调美联储手中的超额准备金利率以鼓励银行放贷、新一轮量化宽松甚至指定成长及通胀目标在内的举措。
The other possible actions the Fed could take include: lowering the rates of excess reserves held at the Fed to encourage Banks to lend, more QE and even specific growth and inflation targets.
最终，所有的银行合起来，就产生“超额”准备金，这样就出现存款放大。
As a result, all Banks taken together now have "excess" reserves on which deposit expansion can take place.
无论哪个银行接收，都会获得相同数量的准备金，其中的10%为“超额”。
Whichever banks receive them also acquire equal amounts ofreserves, of which all but 10 percent will be "excess."
然后央行再发行大量票据或者通过提高商业银行的准备金率要求来抹干超额的流动性。
It then mops up this excess liquidity by issuing bills (as "sterilisation") or by lifting Banks' reserve requirements.
而与央行资产相对应的是其他银行在央行的超额存款准备金。
The counterpart to their assets is Banks' excess reserve holdings with central Banks.
譬如，伯南克建议美联储应该暂时从超额存款准备金的支付利率下手，而不是联邦基金利率。
Mr Bernanke suggested, for instance, that the fed could temporarily target the interest rate it paid on excess reserves, rather than the federal funds rate.
能否对金融机构的超额存款准备金进行强制执行，司法机关和人民银行一直存在争议。
There has always been controversy about whether enforcement can be made on the excess deposit reserve of financial institutions.
然后央行再发行大量票据或者通过提高商业银行的准备金率要求来抹干超额的流动性。
It then mops up this excess liquidity by issuing bills (as 'sterilisation ') or by lifting Banks 'reserve requirements.
然而，商业银行的超额存款准备金率早已远远超过法定存款准备金率。因而，想通过提高法定存款准备金率来抑制借贷，结果只能是收效甚微。
But Banks' deposits at the PBOC are already much larger than the required ratio, so an increase does little to constrain their ability to lend.
然而，商业银行的超额存款准备金率早已远远超过法定存款准备金率。因而，想通过提高法定存款准备金率来抑制借贷，结果只能是收效甚微。
But Banks' deposits at the PBOC are already much larger than the required ratio, so an increase does little to constrain their ability to lend.
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