对于自由电子，因此没有什么势能。
It is a free electron so there is no potential energy to be accounted for.
这些自由电子可以看作导线。
这就是自由电子。
电场引力使自由电子和“孔”都朝相反方向移动。
The electric field then coaxes these free electrons and holes to move in opposite directions.
这是附加在自由电子的普通吸收之上的。
This is in addition to general absorption characteristic of the free electrons.
这种摆动性质影响着自由电子激光的特性。
This property have an effect on performance of the free electron laser.
本文研究了电磁波泵浦的自由电子激光器。
A free electron laser with electromagnetic pumping wave is studied.
自由电子的汤姆逊散射。
并非所有发光的都是金子，但是要发光必须有自由电子。
All that glitters is not gold, but it must have free electrons.
金属的自由电子气是一种典型的量子费米气体。
The free electron gas is a kind of representative quantum Fermi gas.
而自由电子则通过一条导线移动至第二电极，从而产生电流。
This forces the freed electrons to travel to the second electrode through a wire, creating an electric current.
然而，电池表面的自由电子无法通过这种方式成为电流传出。
The electrons knocked free at the surface of the cell, however, were not being carried away in this manner.
各种液体，由于不含有自由电子，是热的不良导体。
Liquids, which contains no free electrons, are poor conductors of heat.
这种处理方法也适用于自由电子激光器的谐波辐射。
This method can also be used with the harmonic wave radiation in FEL.
基极中空穴的密度小于发射极和集电极中自由电子的密度。
The density of holes in the base is less than the density of free electrons in the emitter and collector .
当建立起一个电场时，全部自由电子都会朝一个方向运动。
When an electric field is set up, all the free electrons will be made to move in one direction.
本文研究的自由电子激光器具有线性摆动器及轴向引导磁场。
The free electron laser with a linearly polarized wiggler and axial guide field hag been studied.
而另一方面电子学则论述自由电子在电子管或半导体里流动的情况。
Electronics, on the other hand, deals with the movement of free electrons in a vacuum or in semiconductors.
提出一种利用交流约瑟夫森效应直接测量自由电子激光频率的方法。
A method for direct measuring the frequency of a free electron laser using AC Josephson effect is presented.
这种结构紧凑的三磁铁偏转系统适用于自由电子激光器的束流传输。
The three-magnet bending system is suitable for linac beam deflection of free-electron-laser facility.
参与导电过程的电子，我们称之为自由电子，其能量高于费米能级。
The electrons that participate in the conduction process are termed free electrons, which have energies greater than the Fermi energy.
对波荡器位相误差对自由电子激光小信号增益的影响进行了分析讨论。
The effects of undulator phase errors on the Free Electron Laser small signal gain is analyzed and discussed.
在导体或一些溶液中，真正移动的是带电荷的粒子，如自由电子、离子。
In the conductor or some solutions, the true migration is the belt electric charge granule, like free electron, ion.
在中远红外波段，利用北京自由电子激光对其响应特性进行了实验研究。
The research on its middle to far infrared response characteristics is conducted by utilizing the Beijing Free Electronic Laser.
分析了自由电子激光器中电子与波的相互作用过程，导出了相应的增益表达式。
The interaction process between electrons with electromagnetic waves in the fr-ee electron laser (FEL) is analysed and the corresponding gain expression is derived.
经过几年的竞赛，地基自由电子激光技术组合实验的激光器子系统投标已结束。
After several years race, proposals for the laser subsystem of GBFEL Technology Integration Experiment had been finished.
当导体的自由电子只以一个方向运动时，这样产生的电流叫做直流电，常缩写为。
When the free electrons in a conductor move in one direction only. The current thus established is called a direct current, which is often abbreviated to DC.
求出了螺旋磁场泵自由电子激光器中含电子相互作用的增益表达式，并进行了讨论。
The effect of electron interaction on gain of a free-electron laser pumped with a helical magnetic field is formulated.
求出了螺旋磁场泵自由电子激光器中含电子相互作用的增益表达式，并进行了讨论。
The effect of electron interaction on gain of a free-electron laser pumped with a helical magnetic field is formulated.
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