第二种情况中，我们则对特定的社群、家庭或个人的现实处境进行思考，形成命题，最后以某种和对象互动的方式完成作品。
The second case, we reflect of a particular community, family or personal situation, to form a proposition, at the last to complete the work in a interactive way.
信息就是说话人在特定语境中根据其对听话人的认知情况的评估，通过话语的命题意义对听话人的知识储备所做的贡献。
Information is the speaker's cognitive evaluation for the hearer in the specific context, which is the contribution to the hearer's knowledge-store through the propositional meaning of the utterance.
那么一条特定的命题，或更简单地说，一个事实如何影响它的概率？
How can a particular proposition, or more briefly, a fact, affect its probability?
隐含是在一特定语境中一句话所暗含的命题，即使话语没有说到这个命题。
Implicature is a proposition that is implied in the utterance even though that proposition is not a part of what was actually said.
由语句内特定词汇和结构表达的命题意义叫言内意义，言内意义对听者或读者造成影响的意义叫言外意义。
The prepositional meaning conveyed by particular words and structures is called locutionary meaning. The meaning that demonstrates the effect on the reader or listener is illocutionary meaning.
由语句内特定词汇和结构表达的命题意义叫言内意义，言内意义对听者或读者造成影响的意义叫言外意义。
The prepositional meaning conveyed by particular words and structures is called locutionary meaning. The meaning that demonstrates the effect on the reader or listener is illocutionary meaning.
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