劳动具有二重性，即具体劳动与抽象劳动。
创造价值的抽象劳动是简单的社会平均劳动。
The work that can create value is the society's simple average work.
而配第的“一般劳动”同后来马克思的抽象劳动概念又有本质区别。
There is, as a matter of fact, an essential distinction between the concept of Petty's general Labour and that of Marx's abstract Labour.
物化劳动已经是死劳动，只有活劳动才具备二重属性，才有抽象劳动形成价值的问题。
Materialized labor is dead labor. Only living labor possesses the dual properties of labor, and involves the problem of abstract labor that creates value.
商品价值具有成本属性，抽象劳动实际上是人们在具体劳动中消耗的生命时光，这是生产商品的终极成本；
The value of commodity has an attribute of cost. Abstract labor is in effect a lifespan spent in a specific labor, which constitutes the final cost in producing commodities.
商品价值具有成本属性，抽象劳动实际上是人们在具体劳动中消耗的生命时光，这是生产商品的终极成本；
The value of commodity has an attribute of cost. Abstract labor is in effect a lifespan spent in a specific labor, which constitutes the final cost in producing commodities.
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