结论叉生分析在基因环境交互作用分析中可进一步应用。
Conclusion Crossover analysis should further be applied in gene-environmental interaction studies.
目的探讨叉生分析在基因环境交互作用研究中的作用和意义。
Objective To examine the significance of crossover analysis in gene-environmental interaction studies.
结果对基因环境交互作用的分析依赖于相加或相乘模型的选择。
Results Different models (additive or multiplicative) in analyzing gene-environmental interaction yielded different results.
目前研究普遍认为膀胱癌是受环境暴露、个体遗传背景及基因环境交互作用影响的多因素疾病。
Bladder cancer is considered a multifactorial disease where multiple exposures interact with the individual genetic background resulting in risk modulation.
物竞天择确保只有最适应环境的物种才得以生存下来，把基因传递给下一代。
Natural selection ensures only the fittest survive to pass their genes on to the next generation.
基因和环境以许多复杂的方式相互作用，塑造个体并指导他们的行为，包括他们的好奇。
Genes and the environment interact in many complex ways to shape individuals and guide their behavior, including their curiosity.
批评者说这项政策与许多健康专家的建议相矛盾，专家们警告说一个人的体重受基因和环境因素的影响。
Critics say the policy contradicts recommendations by many health experts, who warn that a person's weight is influenced by genetic and environmental factors.
对世界各地的生物医学研究人员来说，双胞胎提供了一个宝贵的机会，来解开基因和环境——也就是先天和后天的影响之谜。
To biomedical researchers all over the world, twins offer a precious opportunity to untangle the influence of genes and the environment—of nature and nurture.
研究表观遗传学的一个方法是通过揭示环境直接影响基因的机制来彻底改变我们对生物学的理解。
One way the study of epigenetics is revolutionizing our understanding of biology is by revealing a mechanism by which the environment directly impacts on genes.
好奇涵盖了如此多的行为，以至于可能不存在任何一种单一的“好奇心基因”能让人类对自己的环境感到好奇和探索。
Curiosity covers such a large set of behaviors that there probably isn't any single "curiosity gene" that makes humans wonder about and explore their environment.
一些专家认为,除了基因以外,智力也取决于适当的饮食,良好的教育和家庭环境。
Some experts think, apart from genes, intelligence also depends on an adequate diet, a good education and a nice home environment.
与体力不同，体力是有限的而且会随着年龄的增长而减少，情绪能量是无限的，与基因或成长环境无关。
Unlike physical energy, which is finite and diminishes with age, emotional energy is unlimited and has nothing to do with genes or up bringing.
现在，科学家发现基因和环境之间的界限并不那么清晰。
Now scientists are discovering that the boundaries between genes and environment are not so clear.
许多科学家曾经认为，同卵双胞胎在外貌上的相似是由基因决定的，而他们之间的性格、智力和其他差异则是受到环境的影响。
Many scientists once believed that physical similarities between identical twins are genetic, while their personalities, intelligence and other differences between them are an effect of their environment.
研究人员检查了这些儿童的脸颊细胞，以寻找环境对基因影响的迹象。
The children's cheek cells were examined for signs of environmental influences upon genes.
我们是可怜的环境和基因的牺牲者。
We are poor victims of situations, circumstances and genetics.
哪个更是自闭症的病因：基因还是环境？
这一切给了我们重要的基因和环境数据，使许多可以被考虑在相同的研究中。
All this gives us important genetic and environmental data so that many risk factors can be considered in the same study.
由于95%的跟踪率，这项研究提供了独特的机会研究基因与环境是如何随时间互相作用的。
With a remarkable follow-up rate of nearly 95 percent, the study provides a unique opportunity to examine how genes and environment interact over time.
这种模型也许能有助于发现基因与环境因素相互作用而引起的疾病的根本原因。
Such models may also help to pin down the causes of diseases that arise from the interplay of genetic and environmental factors.
另一组人学习能够导致肥胖的基因和环境因素，例如家族历史和垃圾食品的促销。
Another group learned about the genetic and environmental factors that can contribute to obesity, such as family history and junk food marketing.
研究尚不确定，这些因素何以影响生育的成功，但它们很可能标明了基因，而非环境的影响。
The study has not determined why these factors are linked to reproductive success, but it is likely that they indicate genetic, rather than environmental, effects.
在各个个别人的身上，还存在着一些与基因和环境有关的因素。
In each individual, there's some combination of genes and environment.
然而事实并非如此。造成肥胖的因素多种多样，例如基因和环境。
This is despite the fact that obesity can be caused by a variety of other factors, such as genes and environment.
这在现实中是很难区分的，因为现实中很难，把基因和环境分开来讲，你和我有不同的性格，为什么？
This proves to be really difficult in the real world because in the real world it's hard to pull apart genes and environments so, you and me will have different personalities? Why?
研究人员想探究基因和环境所起到的不同的作用，其方法之一就是对同一对双胞胎做研究，因为他们来自相同的基因。
One way for researchers to figure out where genes end and where environment begins is in the study of identical twins, who share the same genes.
在同一句话中提到“生物学”及“行为”，多数人想到的是基因以及环境与遗传的恼人问题。
Say "biology" and "behaviour" in the same sentence, and most minds think of genetics and the vexed question of nature and nurture.
他说早产的风险可能是基因和环境因素的综合。
He said the risk of premature birth was likely to be a mix of genetic and environmental factors.
就与病毒无关癌症而言，这种“暴露”包括了因人而异的基因、环境以及许多其他未知因素。
What passes for "exposure" in the case of nonviral cancers is a combination of genes and environment and a range of other X factors that can vary from person to person.
当一个人得了癌症时，说明这个人有多重的营养缺乏。这些缺乏可以归因于基因、环境、食物和生命系统因素。
When a person has cancer it indicates the person has multiple nutritional deficiencies. These could be due to genetic, environmental.
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