内核日志(dmesg和alog)。
将内核日志记录调至级别4。
用户空间提供了许多读取和管理内核日志的访问方法。
User space provides a number of access points for reading and managing kernel logging.
然后这些内核日志消息会存储在 /var/log/kern.log（及其他配置的文件）。
The kernel log messages are then stored in /var/log/kern.log (among other configured files).
这个字符串会被传递给printk，然后它会被一个管理缓冲边界(emit_log_char)的特殊函数复制到内核日志缓冲区中。
The string passed into printk is then copied into the kernel log buffer using a special function that manages the bounds of the ring (emit_log_char).
rsyslogd守护程序通过它的配置文件 /etc/rsyslog.conf 来理解 /proc 文件系统的kmsg接口，并使用这些接口获取内核日志消息。
The rsyslogd daemon, through its configuration file in /etc/rsyslog.conf), understands the /proc file system kmsg interface and uses it to extract kernel logging messages.
然后，本文介绍了日志数据从内核到用户空间的移动过程。
It then looks at movement of log data from the kernel into user space.
探测器在操作系统内核级上监视所有数据库事务，包括特权用户的事务，而不依赖于数据库审计日志。
The probes monitor all database transactions, including those of privileged users, at the operating system kernel level without relying on database audit logs.
虽然前面两个命令类型不会对内核进行任何操作，但是其余命令则是用于读取日志消息或控制日志。
Although the first two command types perform no action within the kernel, the rest are used to read log messages or control aspects of logging.
在上个学期，四个项目分别是：自动化停车库、锻炼日志，内核管理系统和参考资料管理系统。
In previous terms, students implemented software for an automated parking garage, an exercise logbook, a kennel management system, and a reference management system.
所有unix和Linux系统的日志实际上是内核的一部分。
All UNIX and Linux systems have a log that is actually part of the kernel.
多用途的syslog系统调用提供了内核的日志缓冲区访问方法。
Access to the log buffer is provided at the core through the multi-purpose syslog system call.
内核允许每一个消息根据日志级别(定义不同消息重要必的八种级别之一)来分类。
The kernel allows each message to be classified with a log level (one of eight that define the severity of the particular message).
在成功地将ReiserFS合并到Linux内核，并被很多的Linux发行版采用之后，Namesys(开发ReiserFS的公司)便开始致力于新的日志文件系统的开发。
After successfully getting ReiserFS merged into the Linux kernel and adopted by many Linux distributions, Namesys (the company behind ReiserFS) began work on a new journaling file system.
开发人员可以遭遇失败之前，在他们的实验性内核中写下错误日志，从链接到NWSSTG 的正运行的NWSSTGand 进行链接和引导，而这个NWSSTG 包含用于事后分析检查的错误日志。
Developers can write error logs from their experimental kernels prior to a crash, then link and boot up from a working NWSSTGand link to the NWSSTG with the error log for post mortem examination.
Linux提供了(包括内核及外部空间的)丰富且灵活的日志框架。
Linux provides a rich and flexible framework for logging (both in the kernel and external).
举例来说，日志纪录文件系统(Journaled File System,JFS)可以作为模块构建，或直接构建到内核中。
For example, Journaled File System (JFS) can be built as a module or directly into the kernel.
ReiserFS于2001年被引进到主流2.4内核(Linux采用的第一个日志文件系统)。
ReiserFS was introduced in 2001 in the mainline 2.4 kernel (the first journaling file system to be adopted by Linux).
最后，本文还介绍了基于内核的日志数据的目标：用户空间中使用rsyslog进行日志管理。
Finally, the article explores the target of kernel-based log data: the log management framework in user space with rsyslog.
内核的日志是通过printk函数实现的，它与用户空间对应函数printf(按格式打印)具有相似的作用。
Logging within the kernel is performed using the printk function, which shares similarity with its user space counterpart, printf (print formatted).
因此，如果愿意将根文件系统置于完整数据日志记录方式下，则向内核引导选项添加rootflags=data=journal 。
So, if you'd like to put your root filesystem into full data journaling mode, add rootflags=data=journal to your kernel boot options.
通过升级一些关键系统实用程序、安装新的2.4内核，并在每个文件系统上输入单条tune2 fs命令，就可以把现有的ext2服务器转换成日志记录ext3系统。
By upgrading a few key system utilities, installing a modern 2.4 kernel and typing in a single tune2fs command per filesystem, you can convert your existing ext2 servers into journaling ext3 systems.
类似地，同样可以无干扰地记录Linux内核数据结构的日志，甚至进行修改。
Similarly, Linux kernel data structures can also be logged and even modified non-disruptively, as well.
当您运行批处理文件，或者Linux上的内核脚本文件时，您将会得到一个数百行的日志（主要是由于 -verbose选项）。
When running the batch file, or the shell script file on Linux, you'll get a several hundred lines long log (mainly due to the -verbose option).
当您运行批处理文件，或者Linux上的内核脚本文件时，您将会得到一个数百行的日志（主要是由于 -verbose选项）。
When running the batch file, or the shell script file on Linux, you'll get a several hundred lines long log (mainly due to the -verbose option).
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