入声字是上古音在方言中的遗留。
The entering tone is the phoneme of remote age left in dialect.
来自中古通摄、宕江摄的部分入声字在《中原音韵》中同时收在两个阴声韵里。
Some ru-sheng characters of Tong Perturbation and Dang-Jiang Perturbation in《Central China Phonology》 are received in two Yin-sheng rhymes at the same time.
本文评论刘淑学新著《中古入声字在河北方言中的读音研究》，并讨论了一些相关的问题。
The paper reviews the new work Research on Dialect Spoken Phonetic of MC Entering in Hebei Province by Prof. Liu Shuxue, and discusses some related issues.
可以看出，清代山东方言中古入声字的调类和韵类已经与现代方言的特点基本一致，并且表现出与现代方言基本一致的地域差异，清代到现代的变化是比较小的。
From the comparison between Qing Dynasty and today, we can find that the features of Qing Dynasty are similar to the features of modern times in Shandong dialect.
可以看出，清代山东方言中古入声字的调类和韵类已经与现代方言的特点基本一致，并且表现出与现代方言基本一致的地域差异，清代到现代的变化是比较小的。
From the comparison between Qing Dynasty and today, we can find that the features of Qing Dynasty are similar to the features of modern times in Shandong dialect.
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