控制器内部元件故障，导致输出信号无法关闭。
Component failure within the controller in such a way as to leave the output switched on.
首先概括了可能出现在缓慢相继开断阶段的元件故障模型。
First, element fault models which possibly appear in this stage were summarized.
元件故障分析结果定期检讨，以评估的MSD控制的有效性。
Regular review of component failure analyses results is used to assess the effectiveness of MSD controls.
北京和沈阳热网元件故障率可作为我国热网可靠性研究的参考数据。
Failure rate data of heating network components of Beijing and Shenyang could be taken as a reference for reliability research of heating networks in China.
许多人提出由于有电子元件故障导致一些事故或使得丰田汽车的二手车贬值从而起诉丰田。
Dozens of people have sued the company blaming faulty electronics for crashes or causing a drop in resale value of their Toyota vehicles.
该方法不受电路规模和复杂程度的限制，可确定电路中哪些元件故障，辨识出故障元件参数值。
The method is not restrained by the number of elements and complexity of circuits. It can locate out the fault components in a circuit and can identify the parameters of the fault components.
本文着重于线性网络的故障诊断，只用一个单位测试电流，通过量测各节点电压，来确诊元件故障。
In this paper we discussed the fault diagnosis of linear network. Using only one unit-test-current and measuring various node voltages, we can diagnose the faulty elements.
该方法给出了元件故障模式的建立、元件间的关联方法、控制回路模板的建立方法以及故障树自动生成算法。
This method also presents how components failure model is constructed, how child fault trees are connected, how control loop template is formed as well as the flow chart of the fault tree synthesis.
由于元件故障模型涉及系统网架、变电站结构两个层次，系统状态搜索必须协调好故障模型之间的关系，确保故障模型的完整性和一致性。
Because element fault models are involved with configurations of power network and substation, the method must coordinate relations among fault models; guarantee both integrity and uniformity of them.
介绍了电气故障的种类、产生的原因，详述了电源、电路、设备和元件故障的查找方法，对常用电气设备的故障原因、查找方法，做了具体的叙述。
This text introduces category and reason of electrical breakdown, deals with the methods of checking up the power supply, electric circuit and equipment and gives out some concrete countermeasures.
介绍了电气故障的种类、产生的原因，详述了电源、电路、设备和元件故障的查找方法，对常用电气设备的故障原因、查找方法，做了具体的叙述。
There are many causes of abnormality in digitized observation data of earthquake, most of them are instrument fault, power failure and communications stoppage.
构造了元件故障向量、维修向量、故障频率序列和修复序列，并利用其运算描述了元件的工作、故障、维修和修复过程，从而计算出在事后维修方式和维修时间分布影响下的元件动态可靠性指标：故障频率，有效度。
With them the process of units work, failure, repair and renovation is described, sequentially the dynamic failure and availability of the units can be computed under the influence of the repair time.
再利用D - S联合规则结合模糊逻辑理论，得到融合后的信度函数分配，从而确定故障元件。
The fusion belief function assignment is gotten by using D-S rule and fuzzy logic theory, and fault component is found.
哈勃望远镜的工作寿命一而再地得到了延长，航天飞机宇航员也完成了5次维修任务。他们不仅修复了出故障的元件，而且为仪器升了级，给仪表更换了电池。
Hubble's life has been extended time and again through five servicing missions in which space shuttle astronauts have fixed faulty components, upgraded instrumentation and replaced batteries.
继电保护中隐性故障以不正确的和不期望的方式切除电力系统元件造成电力系统大面积扰动。
It was found that hidden failures in protection schemes caused the disconnection of power system elements in an incorrect and undesirable manner contributing to the disturbance degradation.
燃气热水器漏水是常见的故障，热水器使用过程中，若不注意清洗保养或元件老化都会出现热水器漏水情况。
Leakage of gas water heater is a common fault, the use of water heater, if you do not pay attention to cleaning and maintenance or component aging will appear water heater leakage.
故障判断屏，通过一系列传感元件和计算机系统诊断主机一般性故障并报警显示等。
The fault distinguish screen can diagnose plain faults of the main machine and start alarm function by series of sensing elements and compute program.
这意味着服务调用可以在问题解决之后重试，这种重试可以自动地(如，通过故障转移)也可以是手动地(如，在物理替换了错误元件之后)。
This means that a service call can be retried after the problem was resolved, either automatically (e.g. through failover) or manually (e.g. after physically replacing the faulty element).
该方法核心是找到故障元件与削减负荷节点和系统的映射关系。
The core of this method is to find the mapping relations between fault component and load-shedding buses or the system.
过高的温度和湿度将导致控制系统元件寿命降低，并导致故障增多。
Excessive temperature and humidity will lead to the decrease of the life of the control system components and the increase of the fault.
继电器是保护系统的逻辑元件，它感知故障，并使断路器解扣电路带电和断路器打开触点。
Relays are the logic elements of a protection system which sense the fault and cause the circuit-breaker trip circuits to be energized and the breakers to open their contacts.
深入探讨并初步解决了根据元件软故障的统一特性，采用人工智能方法实现软故障的模式识别诊断的问题。
The article discusses problem of solving the soft fault diagnosis by artificial intelligence according to the invariable general characterization of the component in the circuit.
采用优质电子元件组装，主回路设有多重保护；照明开关、喷漆、升温喷漆、烤漆温度、时间设定、故障指示灯。
Control system: lighting switch, spray paint, spray paint of temperature, drying temperature and time setting, emergency stop, limit the warm, failure alarm.
设计缺陷和液压系统元件的老化是导致龙门铣床出现故障的主要原因。
Design defects and hydraulic system elements aging are the main causes of the gantry milling machine's fault.
电网故障诊断智能系统能够辅助调度人员快速判断故障元件，起到缩短事故处理时间，防止事故扩大的作用。
A real-time fault diagnosing system on power systems can assist dispatchers to recognize faulty elements, shorten the time of dealing with a blackout accident and avoid its enlarging.
在数控机床测控系统中，反馈位移和速度的检测元件通常易发生故障。
The speed and place of the feedback have been breakdown frequently while checking components are used in numerically-controlled machine .
提出一种利用“元件连接模型”概念诊断故障的新方法。
In this paper we present a new fault diagnosis approach based on the idea "Components Connection Model".
用该方法可以求解列出的电路系数函数方程找出故障元件。
With this method, we can find out the fault components by calculating the equations of coefficient function of the circuit.
文中论述了利用因果网技术进行故障定位的方法，因果网描述了故障元件、继电器、开关之间内在的动作关系；
This paper discusses the fault locating method based on causality network technology, and the inherent operating relationship between the faulty element, protective relays and circuit breakers.
文中论述了利用因果网技术进行故障定位的方法，因果网描述了故障元件、继电器、开关之间内在的动作关系；
This paper discusses the fault locating method based on causality network technology, and the inherent operating relationship between the faulty element, protective relays and circuit breakers.
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