在对普通法法系和民法法系关联交易管制制度的具体分析的基础上，总结了不同制度之间的异同点及其启示。
Based on the detailed analysis of the intra-group transaction regulation in common law and civil law, the writer compares the difference the varied system and tries to seek the reasons.
很明显，金融领域最近的混乱刺激了很多对金融交易各个方面的管制的建议的出现。
Obviously, the current turmoil in the financial sector is stimulating many proposals to regulate extensively various types of financial transactions.
另一个问题是对外币交易的管制，这导致飞机与其他机械在需要零件时的长时间延误。
Another problem is that foreign exchange controls cause lengthy delays in acquiring spare parts for aircraft and other machinery.
因为考虑到释放二氧化碳的代价，并且众议院在六月份通过了排污交易法案(总量管制和交易法案)，以煤为燃料将会比较昂贵，而燃烧天然气会比较便宜。
Putting a price on carbon dioxide, as the cap-and-trade bill that passed the House in June would do, would make coal more expensive to burn and gas relatively cheaper.
不必说，像纽特·金里奇(Newt Gingrich)这样的人——他说，“总量管制和交易”制度将“惩罚美国民众”——并不是这么想的。
Needless to say, people like Newt Gingrich, who says that cap-and-trade would "punish the American people," aren't thinking that way.
透过二氧化碳总量管制与排放交易机制(cap - and - tradescheme)，欧盟已经限制了温室效应气体的排放，去年又为碳撷储颁布进一步的优惠诱因。
The European Union, which already restricts greenhouse-gas emissions through a cap-and-trade scheme, unveiled further incentives for CCS last year.
尽管联邦的碳排放总量管制与排放交易系统可能会是一个冒险，但我们可以考察一下这一理念在各州是如何发挥作用的，有很多州的作法已经遥遥领先于华盛顿。
Though a federal cap-and-trade system for carbon would largely be a foray into the unknown, we can examine how the idea is working in the states, many of which are far ahead of Washington.
同样地，黄金交易也是被管制的，所以那些融化黄金做假牙的人也不会很快获得执照。
Likewise, the sale of gold is regulated, so those who melt it down for false teeth won't get licenses anytime soon.
现在的希望是，能在2010年初通过总量管制与交易制度法案，这对达成新条约来说还来得及。
The hope now is that passage of the cap-and-trade bill will occur in early 2010, in time for a new treaty.
在古巴，因特网被严格管制，出售那些属于医生、教授和计算机技术人员账户时间的人都是秘密进行交易。
The Internet is strictly regulated in Cuba, so those who sell time on accounts that belong to doctors, professors and computer technicians do so on the sly.
同奥巴马一样，为了解决温室效应，他也提倡建立总量管制与排放交易体系，但他会分发许可证，而不是拍卖它们。
Also like Mr Obama, he proposes a cap-and-trade system for greenhouse gases, but he would give away the permits, not auction them.
最好的是设定一项碳排放税，此税相比“总量管制和排放交易体系”更不容易受商业游说的影响。
Best of all, set a carbon tax, which is less susceptible to capture by business lobbies than is a cap-and-trade system.
在今年早些时候，美国众议院就投票建立起“总体管制与交易”体系，这将限制每个国家二氧化碳的最高排量并将其逐年递减。
Earlier this year the House of Representatives voted to erect a "cap-and-trade" system, which would set a ceiling on such emissions and lower it each year.
去年暑假他曾声称会以参议员身份投票反对总量管制与排放交易方案，而实际上在议会中却投了赞成票。
Last summer he said he would vote against a cap-and-trade scheme as a senator, though he had voted for the plan in the House.
虽然奥巴马曾指望靠“二氧化碳排放总量管制和交易系统”来筹集大笔大笔的资金，但似乎国会笃定这一提案所能筹得的只是杯水车薪而已。
Congress seems determined that a proposed cap-and-trade system for carbon emissions, which Mr Obama was counting on to raise hundreds of billions of dollars, will raise only a fraction of that.
最麻烦的是，一项总量管制和交易法案通过的可能性渺茫。
Most problematic of all, prospects for a cap-and-trade bill this year have deteriorated.
去年，众议院通过了总量管制与排放交易法案，该法案实施后，到2020年，温室气体排放量将比2005年削减17%。
Last year, the house passed a cap-and-trade bill that would have cut greenhouse gas emissions 17 percent below 2005 levels by 2020.
在下个月举行的哥本哈根全球气候变化峰会上，美国的总体管制与交易法案难以获得许可。
AMERICA will not pass a cap-and-trade law in time for the global climate-change summit in Copenhagen next month.
还有一种说法：更为有限的“总量管制和排放交易”体系，控制着发电站，和这个想法一致，但是要排除强烈反对它的石油工业。
There is also talk of a more limited cap-and-trade system, covering the power utilities, which are reconciled to the idea, but excluding the oil industry, which is still fiercely resisting it.
他们的提案要求那些温室气体的排放者接受或购买排放许可，可获得的许可的数量将会渐渐减少，以此来限制温室气体。这就是“总量管制与交易制度”的“管制”那一环。
Their bill would limit greenhouse gases by requiring polluters to receive or buy emission permits, with the number of available permits - the "cap" in "cap and trade" - gradually falling over time.
让我们以加州为例分析一下为什么严格的总量管制与排放交易系统不会以牺牲增长为代价。
To see why a serious cap-and-trade system doesn't have to come at the expense of economic growth, take a look at California.
众议院去年通过了一个对温室气体作总量管制和交易的法案。
The House passed a cap-and-trade bill last year on greenhouse gases.
他们更多时候共同反对的是奥巴马的总量管制与排放交易方案将会在这个经济衰退期间课以重税。
A more common objection to Mr Obama's cap-and-trade proposal is that it would amount to a huge tax hike in the middle of a recession.
在新闻发布会上，奥巴马脸色阴郁地承认目前没有获得关于控制排放量的总量管制和交易议案的任何支持。
A somber-looking Obama admitted during a news conference that there is no support for a cap and trade bill to control emissions.
建议通过基于市场的总量管制与排放交易系统，到2050年将碳排放量削减80%。
Proposes reducing carbon emissions by 80 percent by 2050 by using a market-based cap-and-trade system.
随着今年七月，美国参议院未能通过提议中的总量管制与排放交易计划，这种设想实现的可能性在近期已有所降低。
The chances of that have recently receded, following the United States Senate’s failure in July to approve a proposed cap-and-trade scheme.
随着今年七月，美国参议院未能通过提议中的总量管制与排放交易计划，这种设想实现的可能性在近期已有所降低。
The chances of that have recently receded, following the United States Senate’s failure in July to approve a proposed cap-and-trade scheme.
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