泡利说在一个给定的系统内，没有两个电子有完全相同的量子数。
Pauli says no two electrons in a given system can have the entire set of quantum numbers identical.
每一项能量，可以用某个量子数标记。
And each one of these energies, if it's a molecular energies, can be indexed by a quantum number of some sort.
三个量子数和,四个量子数告诉我们的信息。
what three quantum numbers tell us, versus what the fourth quantum number can fill in for us in terms of information.
于是就化为，对所有可能的量子数的组合求和。
And so the sum over all microstates, then, becomes the sum over all possible combinations of quantum Numbers.
照此鉴定，可以识别出夸克的量子数。
Using this identification, we read off the quantum Numbers of the quarks.
我们可以用量子数l描写一个原子的状态。
量子数根本没有差别。
每个电子的量子数，是不尽不同的，对于这第一个重要观点。
So each electron has a distinct set of quantum Numbers, the first important idea.
我们把它简称为，两个指定的量子数n和，它是半径小r的函数。
R And we abbreviate that by calling it r, l by two quantum numbers, and an l as a function of little r, radius.
巨涡旋态的角动量量子数为L，波函数分布呈轴对称。
The giant vortex state is circular symmetric with a fixed value of angular momentum l.
因为我写了两个量子数，一样的电子，但这是在两个不同原子中啊。
He has two electrons here with the same set of quantum Numbers. B but these are two separate hydrogen atoms.
在大量子数的极限情况下，从量子力学过渡到经典力学。
In the limit of large quantum Numbers quantum mechanics goes over into classical mechanics.
这个自旋磁量子数我们把它简写成m下标s，以和m小标l有所区分。
And this spin magnetic quantum number we abbreviate as m sub s, so that's to differentiate from m sub l.
举例来说正负号只适用于附加量子数，例如电荷，而不是质量。
The sign reversal applies only to quantum numbers (properties) which are additive, such as charge, and not to mass, for example.
所以如果我们有,磁量子数m等于正负1,我们讨论的就是px或者py轨道。
So we can have, if we have the final quantum number m equal plus 1 or minus 1, we're dealing with a p x or a p y orbital.
大部分都认为，有4个不同的可能，有四个不同的电子可以有，这两个量子数。
OK, great. So, most of you recognize that there are four different possibilities of there's four different electrons that can have those two quantum Numbers.
也就是负的，E，下标是，因为它是一个,关于量子数，n，和，l，的函数。
n l So negative e, which is sub n l, because it's a function of n and l in terms of quantum numbers.
所以我们意味着，它们都是自旋向上，记住我们的自旋量子数，是第四个量子数。
So by parallel we mean - they're either both spin up remember that's our spin quantum number, that fourth quantum number.
而泡利认为在一个给定的系统内，没有两个电子有完全相同的量子数。
And Pauli says no two electrons in a given system can have the entire set of quantum Numbers identical.
让我们来看下一道题目,你们来告诉我,有多少个可能的轨道,含有这些量子数呢？
So let's go to a second clicker question here and try one more. So why don't you tell me how many possible orbitals you can have in a single atom that have the following two quantum numbers?
我们方程是n减去1减去，主量子数是，4，1是1，--p轨道的l是多少？,学生
l So, if we're talking about a 4 p orbital, and our equation is n minus 1 minus l, the principle quantum number is 1 4, 1 is 1 -- what is l for a p orbital?
发现此关系式与主量子数和角量子数有关，而与核电荷数以及折合质量无关。
It is pointed out that the relation has something to do with the principal quantum number and the angular quantum number, but nothing to do with the nuclear electronic number and reduced mass.
由于两个碰撞粒子之间没有量子数的交换，因此该过程是一个单纯的绕射过程。
The process is a purely diffractive process since no quantum numbers exchange between the two colliding particles.
但在那时，人们没有给它取名，他们只是说ok，这是第四个量子数，这是电子的本征性质。
But at the time, they didn't have a well-formed name for it, they were just saying OK, there's this fourth quantum number, there's this intrinsic property in the electron.
当转动量子数J大于或小于16时，吸收值随J值的增大或减小几乎成指数减小。
When the rotational quantum number J is greater or smaller than 16, the absorptivity almost exponentially decreases with the increase or decrease of the J.
在任何时间间隔内，用于应用程序量子数不得少于指定的utilization。
Over any time interval, the number of quanta devoted to the application should be no fewer than the specified utilization.
而增加转动量子数不利于反应的进行。同时也计算了该反应的反应截面和速率常数。
The rate constants and the reaction cross sections for the title reactions have also been computed.
当你们解相对论形式的，薛定谔方程，你们最后会得到两个，可能的自旋磁量子数的值。
And when you solved the relativistic form of the Schrodinger equation, what you end up with is that you can have two possible values for the magnetic spin quantum number.
但我说了，我们还有，其它的量子数，当你解，psi的薛定谔方程时，必须要，定义这些量子数。
But, as I said before that, we have some more quantum numbers, when you solve the Schrodinger equation for psi, these quantum numbers have to be defined.
超荷一个量子量，等于一个粒子多重线谱的平均电极；或者相当于量子数和重子的数量的总和。
A quantum number equal to twice the average electric charge of a particle multiplet or equivalently to the sum of the strangeness and the baryon number.
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