Stack layers have been replaced by service components and there is so much reuse that the stacks have all but disappeared.
堆栈层已经被服务组件替换掉了，由于有这么多的重用存在，使得这些堆栈几乎全部消失。
By switching on exception tracing, you will be able to provide multiple snapshots of the stack as an exception bubbles up through layers of application code.
通过打开异常跟踪，您将可以提供堆栈的多个快照作为从应用程序代码层冒出的异常。
They enable water to be pumped in a network that runs between the horizontal layers of a stack and the thousands of vertical interconnections that carry information between these layers.
水被允许抽入该网络，这个网络遍及芯片堆栈的各个水平层，并有数以千计的垂直连接点用于在各层次之间传输信息。
It's a stack interchange with layers of Bridges making a complicated network of roads allowing smooth flow of traffic though both the interstate highways.
这是一个多层桥梁的层叠式立交，组成一个复杂的道路网络，让通过两条州际公路的交通保持顺畅。
Even though the it stack may not change all that much, the perceived value of the different layers will shift, and with it the amount of profit it firms can make from each of them.
即使IT的层叠不会改变那么多，客户感知到得不同层面的价值也会变化，IT公司靠不同层面来赚钱，利润也会相应变化。
In a good system, no cyclic dependencies between components are present and the whole system is a stack of layers of functionality, forming a pyramid.
一个好的系统中，组件之间的依赖性不可交叉，整个系统是各种各样的组件堆积起来，形成一个金字塔。
Now, as an aside, there's another couple of layers at the very top above the stack and above the heap, but below the tech segment and those are called initialized data and uninitialized data.
题外话，在堆和栈的顶端，还有好几层，但是在技术段之下，他们被叫做初始化数据和未初始化数据。
Over time, the DBA's ability to control database performance has eroded, or at least become much harder, as additional layers emerge in the application stack.
随着时间的推移，DBA控制数据库性能的权力越来越少了，或者至少更难获得控制权力，因为应用程序结构中添加了其他层。
In part 1, you are introduced to an SOA reference architecture, the SOA solution Stack, which defines the layers and building blocks necessary to correctly architect service-oriented solutions.
在第1部分中，我们介绍了SOA参考模型SOA解决方案堆栈(SOA Solution Stack)，其中定义了正确地确定面向服务的解决方案的体系结构所需的层次和构建块。
Microsoft, Intel and other IT giants have long focused on one or two layers of the stack.
微软、特尔等IT巨头长期集中于一层或两层。
An sk_buff contains packet data and also state data that cover multiple layers of the protocol stack.
sk_buff中包含了报文数据，以及涉及协议栈中多个层次的状态数据。
Each server requires a software stack composed of layers of software (operating system, middleware, and applications).
每个服务器都需要由多层软件组成的软件堆栈(操作系统、中间件和应用程序)。
One such reference architecture is IBM's SOA solution Stack reference model (S3 [9], Figure 4), a 9-layer model that provides a detailed architectural definition of an SOA solution across all layers.
此类参考体系结构之一就是IBM的SOASolutionStackReferenceModel (S3[9]，图4)，这是一个分为9层的模型，可提供跨所有层的SOA解决方案的详细体系结构定义。
Therefore, the Linux USB layer, the BlueZ USB transport driver, and the BlueZ protocol stack are the main kernel layers that get the device working.
因此，LinuxUS b层、BlueZ US b传输器驱动程序以及BlueZ协议栈是使设备工作的主要内核层。
Figure 1 illustrates events propagated across layers of an architectural stack.
图1说明了跨架构堆栈各层传播的事件。
Drawing a neat diagram of the IT stack will also become increasingly difficult because the layers are becoming less distinct.
要画清楚一张IT层叠的示意图会更难，因为各个层次会越来越不明显。
Top lay-er services also can be implemented on layers further down the stack, in effect skipping intermediate layers.
顶层服务可以由堆栈更下层来实现，事实上跳过中间层。
This argument does not make much sense, however, in light of the design of the Web services stack and the layers in which SOAP and HTTP are defined.
但是，从Web服务栈和定义SOAP和HTTP的各层的设计来看，这个观点没有多大意义。
Make sure this layer is at the top of your layer stack. Your Layers palette should look like this.
(红圈中的图标)确认这个图层在你图层组的最上面。
But instead of just putting down ink on paper, they stack up layers of living material to make 3-d shapes.
但和在纸上喷墨不同，他们将层层活性物质累积从而制造一个3d物体。
Above the L2CAP layer, the remaining layers of the Bluetooth protocol stack aren't quite so linearly ordered.
在L2 CAP层之上，蓝牙协议栈中剩下的层没有很好的线性排列。
Like other profiles built on top of the serial port profile, the virtual serial link created by the lower layers of the Bluetooth protocol stack is transparent to applications using the DUN profile.
和其他建立在串口配置文件之上的配置文件一样，被更低层蓝牙通信协议实现的虚拟串行链接对使用DUN配置文件的应用程序是透明的。
Above the HCI layer are the upper layers of the protocol stack. The first of these is the L2CAP (logical link control and adaptation protocol) layer. The L2CAP is primarily responsible for.
在HCI层上是协议栈的高层。高层中的第一个是L2 CAP(逻辑链接控制和适应协议)层。L2 CAP主要承担。
Considering the properties of low stack folds, shallow objected layers and big background noise of shallow seismic data, the parameters selection for velocity analysis is studied in the paper.
针对浅层地震资料目的层较浅、叠加次数少和城市背景干扰大等特点，文中对速度分析的参数选取问题进行了研究。
Eeach layer's function define of the protocol stack, data frame form, the uniform interface definition between difference layers and each layer's regular management are considered fewer.
在协议栈各层的功能定义上、在各层数据帧格式、层与层之间的接口、每一层内的规范管理上都考虑较少。
Because it plays such a central role in the communication between the upper and lower layers of the Bluetooth protocol stack, the L2CAP layer is a required part of every Bluetooth system.
因为它在蓝牙协议栈的高层和低层通信中起着重要的作用，L2 CAP是每一个蓝牙系统必须的部分。
We carry out a three layers network subsystem structure that is protocol independent layer in kernel, protocol dependent layer in kernel and user level protocol stack.
论文提出了一个三层网络子系统结构：内核级协议无关层、内核级协议相关层和用户级协议栈。
Changing the layer stack-up style changes the way that the core and prepreg layers are distributed through the layer stack.
改变了风格层堆叠的方式改变为核心，预浸料层是通过分布层堆叠。
When referring to the layers of the TCP/IP network stack, I will use the abbreviations L2, L3, and L4 to refer to the link, network, and transport layers, respectively.
当提及TCP/IP网络层次的时候，我将会使用分别的用缩写L2 ，L3和L4 来表示数据链路层，网络层和传输层。
The thesis chooses the four-layers structure as the rudiment of our protocol stack system, which includes physical layer, data link layer, network layer and application layer.
本文选择了四层结构作为协议栈体系结构的雏形，即：物理层、数据链路层、网络层、应用层。
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