Spatial data is in the core of spatial information systems, thus, it is very important to study the spatial data integration techniques in service oriented architecture.
空间数据是空间信息系统的核心资源，对面向服务体系结构下的空间数据集成技术展开研究具有重要意义。
Spatial variability and distribution of soil arsenic in Zibo maize producing area, Shandong Province were studied using geostatistics and geographic information system (GIS) techniques.
采用地统计及地理信息(GIS)技术研究了山东省淄博玉米产区土壤砷含量空间变异性及其分布特点。
As modern information techniques, Remote Sensing and GIS will be important means in such kind of research because of their advantages in spatial orientation, information extracting and processing.
新兴的遥感与GIS技术由于其在空间定位、信息获取、信息处理等方面的优势，必将成为该领域的重要研究手段。
And the techniques of risk evaluation, temporal and spatial forecasting, testing and information management system are discussed in detail.
作者系统阐述了岩溶塌陷风险评价、时空预测预报、试验测试以及信息管理等技术方法。
Field information real-time collecting and spatial database update are key techniques to be urgently solved in precise agriculture.
田间信息的实时采集与数据库更新是精准农业技术体系中急需解决的关键技术之一。
Spatial domain techniques are easy ways to embed information, but they are highly vulnerable to even small cover modifications.
空间域方法比较简单，但这类方法对于极小的改动都很脆弱。
Spatial domain techniques are easy ways to embed information, but they are highly vulnerable to even small cover modifications.
空间域方法比较简单，但这类方法对于极小的改动都很脆弱。
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