Structurally, a gene is formed by three regions: a regulatory region called the promoter juxtaposed to the coding region containing the protein sequence, and a “3’ tail” sequence.
从结构上来讲，基因包含三个区域：称为启动子的调节区域；与其并列的编码蛋白质的密码子区域；以及3'端尾部序列。
But an intriguing facet of this work is that, until now, most researchers had focused their hunt for differences on the protein-coding stretches of the genome.
但是，这项工作引人入胜的方面在于：迄今为止，大多数研究人员都把研究的焦点聚集在基因组中负责蛋白质编码的区域。
They and other researchers think this type of RNA will prove as important as protein-coding genes in cell function.
他们和其他研究人员都认为这类RNA会被证明和蛋白质编码基因在细胞机能中有同等重要的作用。
Each one lacked a gene coding for a particular MDR protein.
每种酵母缺乏一种特定的MDR蛋白基因。
Scientists thought that most RNA in a cell was messenger RNA generated by protein-coding genes, RNA in ribosomes, or a sprinkling of other RNA elsewhere.
科学家们曾认为，细胞中的大多数RNA是由蛋白质编码基因产生的信使RNA，核糖体rna，或其它地方的少量rna。
The RNA that codes for the M2 protein overlaps with that coding for another protein.
编码M2蛋白的RNA与编码另一蛋白质的RNA重叠。
Many genes control when protein-coding genes are turned on and off at different places and times in the body, adding a whole new layer of complexity to the genome.
在我们身体中许多基因控制着蛋白质编码基因在不同地方和时间的开和关，这就让基因序列更加复杂了。
In particular, how does it work on the non-protein-coding parts, and what kinds of variation does it leave behind: a few common genes with small effects or many rare genes with large effects?
特别地，在非蛋白质编码部分选择如何工作，选择丢弃什么样的变异：少数常见基因影响小或者许多罕见基因影响大？
At least, that is the story told by the protein-coding genes.
这至少是蛋白质遗传码给出的结论。
Protein-coding regions accounted for just 1.5% of the genome.
蛋白质编码区仅1.5％的基因组入账。
Biologists have often focused on coding genes and protein changes, but more evidence of the importance of DNA outside genes came in 2005.
生物学家们以前多关心编码基因和蛋白质的变化，但是2005年，基因外的DNA的重要性越来越凸显。
Two thousand Chinese schoolchildren will have 2,000 of their protein-coding genes sampled, and the results correlated with their test scores at school.
他们抽取了2000名小学生身上的2000个蛋白-编码基因样本，然后求取与学校测验得分之间的相关。
Two thousand Chinese schoolchildren will have 2, 000 of their protein-coding genes sampled, and the results correlated with their test scores at school.
他们抽取了2000名小学生身上的2000个蛋白-编码基因样本，然后求取与学校测验得分之间的相关。
To put that in perspective, that's seven times more DNA than is found in all the 20, 000 protein-coding genes in the human genome.
精确地计算这个数字，在人基因组里它是被发现的所有2万个编码蛋白基因的7倍多。
The 1,461 genes that specify these synaptic proteins constitute more than 7 percent of the human genome's 20,000 protein-coding genes, an indication of the synapse's complexity and importance.
人类基因组的20000个蛋白编码基因中，这些指定编码突触蛋白的1461个基因占百分之七以上，这表明了突触的复杂性和重要性。
The 1, 461 genes that specify these synaptic proteins constitute more than 7 percent of the human genome's 20, 000 protein-coding genes, an indication of the synapse's complexity and importance.
人类基因组的20000个蛋白编码基因中，这些指定编码突触蛋白的1461个基因占百分之七以上，这表明了突触的复杂性和重要性。
One method of color coding revealed alternating stripes, like spokes on a wheel: For every protein, there was another one that looked quite similar.
一种色码方法发现了蛋白质交互斑纹，就像车轮上的轮辐：每一个蛋白质都有一个与其相当相似的蛋白质。
We first determined the sequences of 23,219 transcripts, representing 20,661 protein-coding genes, in these samples.
在这些标本中，我们首先对20,661蛋白编码基因的23,219转录本进行了测序。
In this paper, we present a novel approach to identifying evolutionarily conserved protein-coding sequences in genomes.
在本文中，我们提出了一个新的方法，在基因组中确定进化上保守的蛋白质编码序列。
In 2013, the website Sci-News reported that researchers had found that 70 per cent of "protein-coding human genes" are related to genes found in the zebrafish.
2013年，《科技新闻》网站报道称，研究人员发现，70%的人类蛋白质编码基因同斑马鱼中发现的基因相关。
Method: analyse its genome segment and its coding protein, then compare with its changing of surface type for infer the reason of changing.
方法分析其基因组片段和编码的蛋白质与表型变异相比较来推断发生变异的原因。
This is one of the strongest predictors of rates of protein evolution known, indicating that this dual coding role is vastly more influential than previously believed.
这是测定目前已知蛋白进化率的最好的一个工具，双重功能基因的作用范围远比以前人们所认识的还要广泛。
Nerval incretion specific protein analog, its coding sequence, making method and USES.
一种类神经内分泌特异性蛋白，其编码序列，制法和应用。
Conclusion: Baculovirus transfer vector may mediate the coding protein of HHV-8 K12 gene expressed in insect cells.
结论：杆状病毒载体能够介导HHV - 8肿瘤转化基因k12编码的蛋白在昆虫细胞中表达。
Results The full-length coding sequence of IDO was cloned from activated human leukocytes and the expression vector for IDO-EGFP fusion protein was constructed.
结果从活化的人白细胞中克隆到IDO基因编码区全长，并构建了IDOEGFP融合蛋白表达载体。
In particular how does it work on the non-protein-coding parts and what kinds of variation does it leave behind: a few common genes with small effects or many rare genes with large effects?
特别地，在非蛋白质编码部分选择如何工作，选择丢弃什么样的变异：少数常见基因影响小或者许多罕见基因影响大？
All those works will bring a new opportunity to study the toxicity gene of coding bacterial toxicity protein, and to understand the toxicology of toxicity protein.
细菌全基因组序列测序工作的完成将给人类分析和研究编码细菌毒性蛋白的毒力基因、认识和阐明毒性蛋白的毒理带来新的机遇。
Genetic Polymorphism is a important regulating type for the gene function, it can influence the protein structure and function by only change a single nucleotide in the coding region.
遗传物质的多态性是基因功能调节的重要方式之一，基因编码区域单个核苷酸碱基的替换就可能改变蛋白质的结构和功能，对细胞或机体的生理功能产生重要影响。
Genetic Polymorphism is a important regulating type for the gene function, it can influence the protein structure and function by only change a single nucleotide in the coding region.
遗传物质的多态性是基因功能调节的重要方式之一，基因编码区域单个核苷酸碱基的替换就可能改变蛋白质的结构和功能，对细胞或机体的生理功能产生重要影响。
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