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Well, my usual style of programming would be to implement the one that's lowest down in the hierarchy near the bottom.
一般我的编程风格是,先构建等级中最低的东西,也就是靠近地层的东西。
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Now, when we talked about optimization problems in dynamic programming, I said there were two things to look for.
现在，当我们讨论,动态编程中的最优化问题时，我想说有两件事需要注意。
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So again, idea on the left, fairly straightforward, idea on the right, same but just looks a little different.
从一方面来看，其中蕴含的编程思想是相当简单的，但从另一方面来看，相同中又有那么一丝不同。
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And I don't care if it is a programmable calculator.
我不管是否用的是可编程计算器。
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I've been programming since I was ten.
十岁就开始编程。
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I was deciding between political science at the time and computer science because I have always been fascinated by cities and at some point want to maybe potentially go into government I'm still not quite sure if I have more effect there or more effect in programming.
我那时要在政治学和,计算机科学,中做出选择，因为,我一直为城市着迷,我潜意识里有些想去政府工作,我并不确定我以后在,政治上更有成就还是在编程上更有成就。
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And when you have an optimal substructure and the local solutions overlap, that's when you can bring dynamic programming to bear.
当你得到一个最优子结构,但局部解决方案有重跌时，你就可以引入动态编程,来解决这个问题了。
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Now when the only types we're dealing with are the built-in types, the ones that came with the programming language, that doesn't really matter.
现在我们对付的数据类型,只有内置的数据类型,也就是编程语言固有的类型。
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This combining of data and functions on that data is a very essence of object-oriented programming That's really what defines it.
数据与函数的结合,是面向对象编程的核心,这也就是它的定义。
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As every time we introduce a new programming concept, we'll relate it back, as we have been doing consistently, to defensive programming.
我们每次介绍一个,新的编程概念的时候，就会和以前讲的联系起来，就和我们介绍防卫性程序设计一样。
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Now these ideas of classes, object-oriented programming, data abstraction, are about 40 years old, they're not new ideas.
面向对象编程的概念，数据抽象的概念，都是40年前就有的老东西了。
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So what is this all about? What is an object in object-oriented programming?
所以它到底是什么呢？,面向对象编程中的对象到底是什么呢？
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And I want to suggest that what we've done is, we've outlined a lot of the basic elements of programming. A lot of the basic elements we're going to need to write code.
我想提醒大家我们学习的是，我们学习了很多关于,编程的基础的东西,一些我们编写代码需要的基础的东西。
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A low-level language, we used to call this assembly programming, you're down at the level of, your primitives are literally moving pieces of data from one location of memory to another, through a very simple operation.
一个低级的语言，我们曾经将其称为假设编程，你们只是处于用基本要素，把一些数据碎片,从记忆存储器的一个地方，通过简单的操作来转到另外一个地方。
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I give you a little animation that was implemented with this programming language in just a night called Raining Men.
这里有一个用这种语言编写的,叫做Raining，Men的小动画,我只用了一晚上就完成了编程。
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Now, this course is primarily aimed at students who have little or no prior programming experience.
现在，这门课程,主要面向零基础,或少量编程经验的学生。
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0 PROFESSOR: Thank you. This is 6.00, also known as Introduction to Computer Science and Programming.
教授：谢谢，这里是6。,也就是大家熟知的,计算机科学和编程导论。
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In dynamic programming, one of the things that's going on is we're trading time for space.
在动态编程法中我们是在用,空间换时间，除了动态编程法。
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But you'd like to write your program not in terms of floats and ints and lists, but in terms of mortgages, and CDOs, and all of the objects that you read about in the paper, the types you read about.
但是你可以不基于,浮点型，整型还有链表来进行编程，而是基于一些房贷类，债务抵押债券类来编程,甚至那些你在报纸上看到的类。
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What we're going to see with programming language is that we're going to use higher-level abstracts.
我们将要看到的是,我们将会在高端的阶段中使用编程语言。
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Right? If that was the case in that code, then my complexity is no longer log, because I need linear access for each time I've got to go to the list, and it's going to Lisp be much worse than that.
这里的复杂度不再是对数的了，因为每次在列表中，查找需要线性访问,可能还要糟糕,其实，有些编程语言，如。
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You want to write the specs so that everybody does in fact know what this piece of code is doing, and you're writing it each time around.
但是你得养成良好的习惯和编程风格,你得撰写规范说明从而保证,每个人都知道这段代码是干什么的。
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So write the so called source code which is in a specific language.
用指定的编程语言,写出所谓的源代码。
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So, an alternative to that that is incredibly common in just the programming world and in industry is to actually not write programs on your own personal computer but to actually write and run them on a server, someplace where the software is all standardized.
那么，在编程界和工业界普遍,使用的一个解决方案是,不在你自己的电脑上写程序,而是在服务器上编程运行，服务器上的软件都是标准化的。
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But here's where I'm going to practice a little bit of defensive programming.
但是这儿我们要把编程的,防御性做的好一些。
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Are you among those more comfortable, have you taken any computer science, were you programming at the age of 10 but you'd actually like to learn a bit about things you don't yet know and challenge yourself with new content or are you somewhere in between?
你对电脑比较熟悉么，你上过计算机专业方面的课程吗？,你是不是10岁就会编程,来上课的目的只是为了学习未知的知识,或者用新知识来挑战战自我？,还是二者兼有？
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That would let us tackle it with dynamic programming.
回答好这个问题我们,就能用动态编程法解决这个问题。
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Who did that? Somebody gets, no? Yours?
我有可能在编程中会犯错误，就像刚才那样？
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So hopefully there is indeed a way to fix this, but it looks as though the division operator, the single slash is division but -- and here's a curiosity about many programming languages -- because 17 is an integer and because 13 is an integer, why do I say that?
我的确希望有一个方法来修正这个错误，但是看起来,好像那个除法操作，那个斜杠是除法,但是--对于很多编程语言来说,是挺奇怪的--因为17是一个整数,13也是一个整数，为什么我这样说？
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How many of you have heard the term used before? How may have you heard the term used before in terms of programming languages? Great. For the rest you, don't sweat it. This is a highfalutin term that computer scientists use to try and make them look like they're smarter than they really are.
这里就要引入递归的概念了,你们中有多少人以前听过这个词？,你们中有多少人在编程语言中,用过这个词？,很好，剩下的同学也不要担心,这是电脑科学家们用来让自己,显得更聪明的夸张词汇。
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