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I like to see coalition station push out information through signals or internet increasingly in pushing out information follow the coalition model.
之后我们会看到信息,以符号的形式传播出去,互联网也逐渐,通过联合模式推动信息传播。
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At each cross-section, people are either willing to use a certain sign in a certain way or they're not.
在每一个横街面上，人们可以自由的,以自己的方式使用符号。
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If you've got four measures and different symbols, you're clearly subdividing the beat but hearing that as the beat.
如果你听出了四个小节并写出不同的符号,你就是将拍子细分了,并把细分后的当作了节拍
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And human language uses this amazing trick described by Ferdinand de Saussure, the great linguist, as "The arbitrariness of the sign."
人类语言使用这些,被语言学家费迪南德·德·索绪尔,称之为"符号任意性"的神奇把戏
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It's also important, once we start talking about molecules, to have a way to represent them, and also to be able to look at a shorthand notation for a certain molecule and understand what the bond is.
还有很重要一点是，一旦我们开始讨论分子，我们需要有一种表示它们的方法，而且能够从中看出,某些分子的简化符号，并得知键的类型。
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Now, we concluded last week at looking at sorts and efficiency, some new notation called asymptotic notation and we'll continue that story today.
上周我们着眼于排序和效率问题，并提出一些渐近线的新符号,今天我们将继续讨论相关内容。
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dS/dV And that, now, we know must equal dS/dV, with a positive sign. At constant temperature.
我们知道这个等于恒定温度下的，符号为正。
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And this is given the value the notation Avogadro's number we call it.
那个值的符号为,我们把它叫做阿伏加德罗氏数。
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And I want to describe both the syntax, what we're doing, and then the semantics of how do we use it and what does that mean.
现在我想解释一下语法，我们在做什么,还有我们使用时的符号,以及意义。
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So compare the definition of words with what's written here in the nerdy notation on the board.
不妨去对比一下这个定义的,文字表述与黑板上的符号表述
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It's important for you guys to know that everything you write down in the notebook or blackboard as a symbol is actually a measured quantity.
其重要性就在于,你们要知道,你们记在本子上或者写在黑板上的任何物理符号,实际上都是测量量
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- She's come there hoping to escape the network of symbols that she has seen and instead she's immersed with a new network of them.
她为了逃避，所见到的符号网络,各种驿车号而来，不过她又被一种，all，those，post，horns—,取而代之的网络所沉浸。
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I think I mentioned to you that the Greeks improved upon it and made it a true alphabet by taking some signs that they didn't need for their own language by turning them into vowel sounds.
我想我向你们提到过希腊人将这种字母表改良,并使其成为真正的字母表,他们把一些并不需要的符号,变成元音使用
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This then is the object of Saussure's attention as a linguist and as a semiotician.
这就是索绪尔所注意到的,作为一个符号学家兼语言学家。
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All of that somewhat complicates the picture, but at the same time, I think you can see that there is a connection between those semiotic systems.
这理解起来可能很复杂，但是你们还是能看到,这些符号系统间的一些联系。
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It allows for this map between a symbol, say a spoken word, and any sort of thought we want to use.
语言允许在符号,比如说出的一个词,与我们想要使用的任何想法之间,存在着这种映射关系
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In any case, the tension between denotation and connotation is part of the way in which irony works.
在任何情况下，讽刺的作用,都是表达了符号和涵义之间的张力。
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Even though the signs of the enthalpy changed, and the signs of the entropy changed because it's a combination of the two that matters.
即使自由焓的符号发生变化，熵的符号也会发生变化,因为这两部分都起作用。
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So in fact this is indeed a positive number so we didn't make a mistake in our signs.
因此等式的右边也是正数,两边符号吻合。
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The second rhythmic device that we have to be aware of in music we frequently encounter is this concept of the triplet.
音乐中第二个需要知道的节奏符号,就是我们经常遇到的三连音
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Well, the world had to come up with another symbol that looked as similar as possible just for people's sanity, so they went with equals equals.
好的，我们必须提出另外一个,看起来符合人类思维习惯的符号，所以他们采用了“==“
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If we look at carbon, if you look on your Periodic Table you will see this notation next to carbon, What are we learning here?
如果我们观察碳，如果你查阅元素周期表,你会看到碳旁边的符号，从这里我们能了解到什么呢？
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I don't want anybody to quit this class because they're worried about math or math notation.
我不希望你们因为对数学,或是数学符号的恐惧而放弃这门课
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So this symbol here is actually what we call a wave function.
这里的这个符号,实际上是一个波函数。
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Well, in music the most basic symbol for the beat is the quarter note.
音乐中表示拍的最基本符号是四分音符
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So the sign of the number is adequate to keep track of my motion.
所以数字的符号对于记录运动足够了
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It's still 1, because you plus plussed the wrong symbol called X. So for now, take-away from this, don't do this.
它还是1，因为你自增的是那个错误的叫做X的符号,现在，拿走这个，不这样做。
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There is a Darwinian semiotics, understanding the relationships among species in semiotic terms.
达尔文主义的符号学，用符号学来研究物种间的关系。
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Well, that's because it's actually not a gross constituent unit in a semiotic system, right?
哈哈，这是因为,红灯不是这一符号系统的一个完整单元？
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Similarly, just as we have symbols for the presence of sound and its length, we have symbols that represent the absence of sound.
类似的,既然我们有符号,来表示声音的频率和长度,我们也有表示静音的符号
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