So if I tell you that the energy for single hydrogen atom is negative 13 12 kilojoules per mole.
如果我告诉大家单个氢原子的能量,是负的,1312,千焦每摩尔。
It is joules per atom. Or, if you multiply by Avogadro's number then you will get joules per mole.
焦耳每个原子,或者,如果乘以,阿伏伽德罗常数你会得到焦耳数每摩尔。
So, what we get for the disassociation energy for a hydrogen atom is 424 kilojoules per mole.
因此,我们就得到了氢原子,离解能的大小为,424,千焦每摩尔。
And it's, again it's a macroscopic pretty big thing so typical might be 10 kilojoules per Kelvin, and that's pretty big, right?
相当大的数值,典型值大概,是10kJ/K,它相当大,对吧?,注意这里不是每摩尔?
And, likewise, if we look at fluorine in its diatomic molecule, it is 160 kilojoules per mole.
一样的,如果我们观察二价的氟,它是每摩尔160焦。
In contrast, the dissociation energy of a bond for hydrogen, and molecular hydrogen is everywhere around us, we see 432 kilojoules per mole.
相反,氢分子在我们周围到处都是,一个氢分子的离解能,是432千焦每摩尔。
So, for example, for the chlorine case, we would say that the electron affinity for chlorine is actually positive 349 kilojoules per mole.
比如,以氯为例,我们可以说氯的电子亲和能,应该等于正的,349,千焦每摩尔。
So this is not going to be a favorable process, we're going to find that the electron affinity is actually a negative 7 kilojoules per mole for nitrogen.
因此这并不是一个容易发生的过程,我们会发现氮的电子亲和能,应该是负的,7,千焦每摩尔。
If we want to talk about two hydrogen atoms, then we just need to double that, so that's going to be negative 2 6 2 4 kilojoules per mole that we're talking about in terms of a single hydrogen atom.
而要讨论两个氢原子,我们只需要把它乘以二,因此应该是负的,2624,千焦每摩尔,这就是单个的氢原子的情况。
And if you do so, you will end up with 1.312 mega joules per mole for this quantity K.
这样做之后,对于K常量你就能得到2,1。312百万焦耳每摩尔。
If I have one that's 400 kilojoules per mole and another that's 200 kilojoules per mole and I blend them, how do I get 500 kilojoules per mole?
如果你有一个每摩尔400千焦的分子,和一个没摩尔200千焦的分子,我把它们并子一起,我怎么得到每摩尔500千焦的键?
So, if we took the case of nitrogen, if we add an electron to nitrogen and go to n minus, we find that the change in energy is 7 kilojoules per mole.
如果我们以氮为例,如果我们给氮增加个电子令它变成-1价的氮,我们会发现能量的变化是,7,千焦每摩尔。
I'm averaging it over the entire set of valence electrons which gives me 1.91 MJ per mole.
我是在整个价电子的集合上作平均,最后得到1。91兆焦每摩尔。
This means in order to do that we actually have to put 7 kilojoules per mole of energy into the reaction to make it happen.
这意味为了完成上面的反应,我们不得不往里面注入,7,千焦每摩尔的能量。
This is 12.011 grams per mole or 12.011 atomic mass units,AMU.
这是12。011克每摩尔,或者12。011原子质量单位。
And this turns out to have a bond strength of 435 kilojoules per mole.
这证明有每摩尔435焦的,的共价能。
So we know what that number would be, it would be negative 424 kilojoules per mole that we see here.
我们知道它的值是多少,它就是我们在这见到过的负,424,千焦每摩尔。
So, let's compare this to the energy of the h 2 molecule, and we find that that's negative 3,048 kilojoules per mole.
那么,让我们将它与氢分子的能量比一比,我们发现氢分子的能量是负的,3048,千焦每摩尔。
And the change in energy for this reaction is negative 349 kilojoules per mole.
然后得到这个过程的能量变化为,负的,349,千焦每摩尔。
The volumes per mole of that stuff.
每摩尔物质的体积。
This is coulombs per charge and this is coulombs per mole.
这是每电荷库伦,这是每摩尔库伦。
It only has a dissociation energy of . 1 kilojoules per mole.
它的离解能只有0。01千焦每摩尔。
Essentially we're not going to see this, it's 9 kilojoules per mole.
本质上我们不会看到它,它等于9千焦每摩尔。
It is either grams per mole.
它不是克每摩尔。
And, one other thing that I failed to point out, if you take a look at the energies associated with the outermost electrons, in this case, lithium, you see it's 0.5 megajoules per mole, and then what's the 6.26?
还有另外一点我忘记提到的是,如果你观察离最外层,的电子的能量,在这种情况,对于锂,你可以得到,它是每摩尔0。5兆焦,那么6。26是什么呢?
It is 569 kilojoules per mole.
它是每摩尔569焦。
So for b 2, which is a single bond, that's 289 kilojoules per mole to break it, and it takes us more energy to break this double bond for carbon, which is 599 kilojoules per mole.
对于B2,它是单键,需要289千焦每摩尔来打破它,而对于碳双键,打破它要更多的能量,等于599千焦每摩尔。
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