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These public-private distinctions are onerous -are offensive--to some people because it seems like the government is acting like a parent.
公共和私募公司之间的划分有些繁琐,对有些人来说有些冒犯的意味,监管机构像是在扮演父母的角色
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and it gives it some credibility and it gives it some public appeal.
这就增加了这个慈善机构的可信度和对公众的吸引力。
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Well,it wants to rationalize the administration of France-- it wants to do other things,too, but that's not this course.
它想对法国行政机构设置进行合理化改进,当然了,革命还有其它的目的,这节课我们先不谈
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They're essentially more risky and more-- regulators have to watch them more because they're standing at higher probability- a monoline--of some major disaster.
单线保险公司风险更大,监管机构对其监管更严,因为他们遇到危机的,可能性更大
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And on Friday, this was how we started with every session, with every world leader, whether in business, whether in non-for-profit, whether in politics.
而在星期五，每一次聚会都是这样开始的，对每一个世界级领袖，无论是商界的，非盈利机构的，还是政界的。
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And furthermore from that, let's say they survive and then they become productive members of society who go home and start like a million charity organizations and this and that and this and that.
此外，假定他们活了下来,回家以后成为对社会更加有益的公民,比如创建了无数的慈善机构,或者诸如此类的。
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The Greek polis, which is simply the Greek word for city, had several institutions that are very important, and they'll become important for early Christianity and for Judaism.
希腊城邦，Polis就是希腊语城市的意思，有许多重要的公共机构，对早期基督教和犹太教影响巨大。
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For thinkers like Tocqueville for example regimes are embedded in the deep structures of human history that have determined over long centuries the shape of our political institutions and the way we think about them.
举例来说，对于像托克维尔之类的思想家而言,政体内嵌于人类历史的结构深处,许多世纪以来决定了,我们政治机构的形态,及我们对它们的看法。
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They have been working on improving their methods and they're trying to create divisions within their organizations that prevent the moral hazard from happening.
他们已经对技术进行改进,并且他们正尝试,在机构中划分部门,以便防范道德风险的发生
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So, it would be working parallel but their job would be to represent the consumer and that sounds like a good idea to me.
这样这个新的机构就能,但与其他机构不同的是他们的工作是保护消费者,对我来说这是个好点子。
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The Securities and Exchange Commission is the principal government regulator for securities.
证券交易委员会是,政府对证券的主要监管机构。
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Basically, what it did was it made it feel that people wouldn't get cheated; the SEC was a strong regulator and it really did restore confidence in the financial markets in this country.
证券交易委员会的辛勤付出,使人们感到不会受骗,证券交易委员会是一个强大的监管机构,它也重塑了,这个国家对金融市场的信心
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The history of financial innovation is always that the organizations adapt to crisis.
历史上的金融创新基本上都是,组织机构对危机的一种适应
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Now, part of the problem is that the rating agencies were rating their securities that they were investing in as AAA, in many cases.
同时存在的一个问题是,信用评级机构对他们投资的,大部分债券都给予了AAA的评级
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They should have been watching, under Reagan, because if you let them pay high interest rates you better watch out that they don't make risky loans if you're insuring them.
在里根的执政下,他们本应该进行监管,因为如果你准许机构支付高利率,且对他们进行保险,你最好进行监管,防止他们发放高危贷款
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It's a little bit like the NAIC -the National Association of Insurance Commissioners -recommends laws to the local insurance regulators in the fifty United States.
这有点像NAIC,美国保险监督官协会,它对全美国50个州的,地方保险监管机构推荐法律法规
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