It allows you to define the concept of a thermometer. You have three objects, one of them could be a thermometer.
从热的物体流向冷的物体,由此我们可以定义温度,我们还可以用它来定义温度计:
Not in my bit, but he and the queen... You know, it was quite cold in the theatre
这不关我的事,但是他和女王……,剧院里相当冷,
I'm hot, compared to the air of the room, or cold if I'm somewhere that's warm.
我相对于室内的空气是热的,或是冷的如果我呆在一个温暖的地方。
It is a really cool derivation.
这是真实的冷驱动。
but most of the time, it stays about 60 degrees. That's about the coldest it gets.
但大部分时候气温保持在华氏60度左右。这差不多就是最冷的天气了。
It's cold. It's wet. It's white. I hate the color white.
外面又冷又湿,白茫茫一片。我最讨厌的颜色就是白色了。
I know you're bugged by my bad humor, but too bad. Maybe you're bugged by this, saying wait a minute, how does this thing stop? This is the kind of definition that your high school geometry teacher would have rapped your knuckles over.
我也知道你可能觉得我的冷笑话很烦,但是很不幸,可能你会觉得这个很烦,你会想等等,这个程序怎么停下来呢?,这就是你们高中几何。
That seems like a bad joke,but if the body theory is right, it's not a joke at all.
又是一个冷笑话,但如果肉体主义者是对的,这就不是开玩笑了。
You made it all the way on such a cold day.
你在这么冷的日子赶来。
He survived the Battle of the Wilderness, the Battle of Spotsylvania Court House, the Battle of Cold Harbor, the entire Siege of Petersburg from August of '64 all the way until the end of March of 1865.
他在荒地战役中存活了下来,经历了波特瑟尔韦尼亚县府战役,和冷港战役,从1864年8月的彼得斯堡包围战,直到1865年五月底
It's January, it's cold and wet in Ireland and,
现在是一月,爱尔兰是又冷又湿的,
It's really cold in the rest of the country,
整个国家的其它地方真的都很冷,
You know the heat isn't going to flow from a cold body to a hot body without putting some work in to make that happen.
大家知道热量不会自发地,从冷的物理流动到热的物理,除非对它做功。
When something hot, it's got a higher temperature than when something is cold.
当某样东西是热的时,它的温度,比冷的东西要高。
And then there's a cold reservoir T2 at some lower temperature T2.
另外有一个冷的热源,温度为。
the zeroth law, which is the common-sense law, which says that if you take a hot object next to a cold object, heat will flow from the hot to the cold in a way that is well defined, and it allows you to define temperature.
上节课我们讨论了,热力学第零定律,这一定律源自常识:如果把一个热的物体,与一个冷的物体挨在一起,热量就会以确定的方式。
T2 PROFESSOR BAWENDI: T2 irreversible should be colder?
可逆过程的,更冷?
You can tell my jokes are always bad.
你可以说我的笑话很冷。
Or in many kinds of gas refrigerators where you push a gas through a nozzle close to room temperature, what you find is that the gas coming out on the other side under lower pressure is cooler than the gas that went through on the other side.
或者在很多种压缩气体式冰箱中,你让气体通过接近室温的管口,你会发现从压力低的一边,出来的气体比通过,另一边的气体更冷,真正的冰箱实际上通过。
PROFESSOR BAWENDI: So the question then, which one is colder?
我的问题是,哪一边更冷?
OK, what about T1 cooler than T2?
好了,认为可逆过程的T2更冷的呢?
STUDENT: T2 reversible should be colder.
学生:可逆过程的T2更冷。
And these verbal descriptions lead to some pictures that I put up and I'll put up again about how you might try to accomplish something like run an engine or move heat from a colder to a warmer body.
这些言语的描述有助于你们理解我讲过的,而且还要再讲的一些物理图像,比如一台发动机,是怎么运行的,或热怎样从冷的物体传到热的物体。
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