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"When babies are born, babies have an instinctive need, they're hard-wired to breastfeed.
VOA: special.2010.08.04
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We've then talked about how neurons can communicate to one another; then, turned to how neurons are wired up together.
接着我们还讲了,神经元之间是如何进行信息传递的,之后,我们又谈到了,神经元是如何连结在一起的
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If evolution wired us up simply to survive, then it's a puzzle why animals would relate positively to other animals.
如果进化仅让我们生存，那么这是个谜题,为什么动物之间确定有联系。
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Because of that, because they're not directly wired together but because there is - are decisions and integrations occurring at each junction, the potential operation of the nervous system becomes diverse.
正因如此,正因为神经元并不是直接联系在一起的,但在每个连接处进行决策和信息整合,使神经系统的活动具有多样性
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So the fact is those lab animals have a hard-wired preference for foods that are high in fat and high in sugar, primarily because of the energy density that those foods bring to one, and then the variety is important because you get a mix of nutrients.
事实上 实验动物对高脂肪高糖的食物,有着强烈的偏爱,而这种爱基于,该类食物能给我们提供高能量,多样性很重要,因为你能摄取多种营养
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It's annoying because your brains are wired up so that that baby cry is going to drive you up the wall.
它干扰到了，因为大脑接到信号,孩子哭是向你发出信号。
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And this is, in part, because the human brain is wired up in an extraordinarily more complicated way than any sort of simple neural network.
部分的原因是,相较于任何简单的神经网络,人类大脑以一种极端复杂的方式进行连结
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What you get instead is there are separate pre-wired systems for reasoning about the world.
取而代之的是,独立且预置的关于世界的认知系统
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This is really a general idea in psychology that we are in a way wired up to be more sensitive to change than to steady states.
这是心理学上一个普遍的观点,某种意义上,比起稳定状态，我们对变化更敏感。
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And the question that preoccupies developmental psychologists is how do we come to have this knowledge, and in particular, how much of it is hard-wired, built-in, innate.
发展心理学家们所关心的问题,就是我们如何获得这些知识的,特别是,这其中有多少是固有的,内在的,天生的
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Our genes have wired us up our brains up to love our children and love our kin because, in this way, our genes manage to replicate themselves.
基因把我们联系在一起,让我们去爱孩子，爱亲人，因为，这种方式，基因可以复制。
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I am built, I am hard wired, to be attuned to your pain.
人有一种天生的能力，我能对你的痛苦感同身受。
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But, from your point of view, you're wired up to respond to them.
但从你的角度看，你感应到要帮助他们。
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The final -- I want to end— We're talking about neurons, connection between neurons, how neurons are wired up, the parts of the brain, what the different parts do.
最后,我想以此作为结束,我们讲了神经元,神经元之间的联系,神经元是如何进行连结的,脑组织,以及各种脑组织的功能
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Rather, they're cute because of how our brains are wired up.
相反，他们可爱是因为,我们的大脑是这样反应的。
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And so you've got this tension between what might be evolutionarily wired impulses and the kind of social constraints that say this isn't good, this isn't appropriate, this is taboo.
因此，两者之间有冲突,一方面，从进化论角度来看，你有这样的冲动,但是从社会建构的立场看,这不合适，是社会禁忌。
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I think that's gut-level, hard-wired, evolved to solve prisoner's dilemmas.
这种感觉是根深蒂固的，经过进化而来的，帮我们解决囚徒困境的。
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And you can't... If the brain was wired up like a personal computer, it would take you four hours to recognize a face, but in fact, we could do things extremely quickly.
你无法,如果大脑是像个人电脑那样组装起来的话,那你识别出一张面孔就得花上四个小时,但事实上,我们能够非常迅速地完成某些事情
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Well, again, it used to be believed that the brain is wired up like a computer, like a PC or a Mac or something like that, but we know this can't be true.
人们曾经以为大脑是像计算机那样,组装起来的,像台个人电脑或苹果电脑,但我们知道这种观点是不对的
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Now, saying "Good dog" is not something your dog has been built, pre-wired, to find pleasurable.
然而，在天生的情况下“,狗狗并不能从“好狗狗“的话语中，获得快乐。
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We are hard-wired to say, "Look. If I'm going to eat a new food and I'm going to get nauseous, " I'm going to avoid that food."
我们深信不疑地说，“如果我吃了一种新食物,感到了恶心，我就不会再吃这种食物了“
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So, the question then is how is the brain wired up?
所以此时的问题变成了,大脑是如何构造出来的
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And in the last 20 years or So, this has been a huge and vibrant area of study where people are trying to wire up machines that can do brain-like things from components that look a lot like neurons and are wired up together as neurons are.
在过去的二十多年里,这是一个非常活跃的研究领域,研究者们试图应用,外表和连结方式均与神经元相类似的元件,制造出具备大脑功能的机器
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