So, if you want to designate anything it has to be by tangible things like pottery,particularly painted pottery,because it's easier to categorize.

所以 如果你想标注某段时期,你必须借助有形的事物,就像陶器,尤其是彩绘陶器,因为它们更容易分类

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

You find Mycenaean elements, tools, other things, pottery particularly of a certain kind, all over the Mediterranean Sea.

你可以在一些发掘的工具及其他物品,特别是某种陶器上,发现迈锡尼文明的影子遍布地中海区域

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

In the same period,there is clear-cut,unmistakable, oriental influence on Greek pottery and other things that they make.

在同一时期,有明显的证据表明,希腊受到了东方的影响,这表现在他们制作的陶器和其他器物上

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

For instance, you can see pottery, which used to have this, remember this largely unitary quality.

比如,你可以看到当时使用的陶器,风格非常的单一

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

These would be the very earliest kinds of pots that have geometric designs on them, then comes the geometric period and the orientalizing period; all of these refer to pottery styles.

这些是非常早期的陶锅,上面有一些几何形的图案,之后是"几何时期"和"东方风格"时期,这些都是根据陶器的艺术风格划分的

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

Not at the same time, but the reason we have any written evidence at all is that there was some kind of conflagration that produced a fire that baked clay into pottery.

虽然不是在同一时间,不过我们能发现这些可读记录,全靠这些意外的火灾,将那些粘土烧制成了陶器

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

So what we have is on the pottery.

所以我们能看到的是陶器上的

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

These would have been inscriptions either on pottery, which the earliest ones are,or on stone, but otherwise I'm sure there was writing on perishable material-wooden plaques, probably not yet paper, but these would have been destroyed.

有些是刻在陶器上的铭文,最早期的时候,是刻在石头上的,但另外,我能肯定,有些是写在易腐蚀的材质,比如木头,或者瓷片上的,当时应该还没有出现纸,但是这些都被毁坏了

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

Corinth always needs that kind of stuff, so we sell you our wheat, you sell us your pottery, you sell us good wine that we can't grow yet and maybe never will be able to grow in our neighborhood, so on and so forth.

科林斯很需要这些作物,所以我们销售给你们小麦,你们销售陶器,美酒给我们,这些我们暂且无法生产,而且我们周边地区也许永远无法生产这些,诸如此类的作物

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

One of the things that's interesting about that is you can see pottery styles that you can hardly tell whether they came from one end of the Mediterranean or another, if they're of the Mycenaean variety, because it was a single culture.

一个有趣的现象是,你可以鉴别出陶器的风格,但你却很难区分,它来自于地中海的哪一边,因为它们都属于同一文明

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

So, maybe you wanted a really fine pot of the kind you used to be able to walk to the corner and pick up at a pottery shop, but you can't get now, so you would want to buy what the Corinthians sell. Guess what?

所以或许过去在大街的,任意一间陶器店里,你都能找到精致的陶盆,现在却找不着,那么你该选择,科林斯人的哪些商品呢,想想看

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选