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What's shown in this diagram is the progress of the developing embryo as it travels in time, down the fallopian tube.
这张图上显示的,就是胚胎发育的过程,是按照它在输卵管中移动的时间排序的
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These are cells that I that were obtained either from a more developed embryo, past the blastocyst stage.
这些细胞是我从,发育的更成熟的一些胚胎中提取的,这些胚胎已经过了囊胚期了
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The way we did this was to coax embryonic stem cells first to develop into the surface layer.
我们是这么做的,先诱导胚胎干细胞,发育成外胚层。
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But if you wanted to know it You could, you would look at development and you'd watch the embryological development of a zebra and that's how you would learn the answer to your question.
但如果你想要知道答案,你就应当去观察斑马的发育过程,观察斑马的胚胎发育,这就是寻找该问题答案的方法
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This process of cell proliferation or cell division is, of course, very important during development of an embryo.
细胞增殖和分裂的过程,在胚胎发育中至关重要
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This surface layer thickens at an early stage in a mouse after 8 days of development.
发育8天后，老鼠早期胚胎的,外胚层开始增厚。
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We can see the early signs of ear development Start with the thickening of the outer layer of the embryo, this layer is called the ectoderm.
大家知道，耳朵发育的早期特征,是胚胎外层膜的增厚，这层膜也叫外胚层。
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First is that the ear develops from the surface layer of the embryo.
耳朵是由,胚胎的外胚层发育来了。
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The cell divides, and divides, and divides many, many times and that's one of the signature events of embryogenesis until we have many, many cells that make up our bodies.
细胞不断分裂,持续进行,那是胚胎发育中,一个标志性的过程,在那之后,我们就有了许许多多构成我们身体的细胞
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We were looking for the mouse cells the mouse embryonic stem cells that we had coaxed into early ear cells whether they were able to form ear cells.
再来看看那些经诱导,发育成早期耳细胞的,老鼠胚胎干细胞,能否发育成耳细胞。
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To start out I'm going to go back to the thinking about development a little bit, embryonic development, and show you a picture here.
作为这节课的开始,我先稍微回顾一下,一些关于发育过程的内容,先说胚胎发育,这里有张图
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During development of the embryo it goes from being a single cell, the fertilized egg, to being a multi-cellular organism with billions of cells in it.
胚胎的发育,始于一个单一细胞,即受精卵,直到形成一个以十亿计数量的细胞构成的,多细胞有机体
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This one cell, this one fertilized cell which is unique because it's the - its chromosome contains the combination of the sperm and the egg, develops into an embryo and then on birth develops into a human.
这个受精卵,是独一无二的,因为它的染色体,包含了精子和卵子的组合,并由此发育成为一个胚胎,之后形成一个人类个体
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Now I isolated these cells maybe from the head region of the embryo, the region that's going to develop into the brain, so that would be a good place to look if you wanted cells that were going to develop into the brain.
现在我可以从胚胎的头部,分离这些细胞,从就要发育成为大脑的这些部位,这是取得你需要的细胞的绝佳位置,如果你想要发育成大脑的细胞的话
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