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This shows the greatly magnified compared to the size of a cell because viruses are much, much smaller than cells.
这是一幅放大了许多倍的,细胞图片,因为病毒比细胞小得多的多
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We talk about cells as being kind of the fundamental unit of humans and other multi-cellular organisms.
我们某种意义上把细胞视为,人体和其它多细胞生物的基本单位
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They're not quite as potent as the cells from earlier because they've now differentiated somewhat.
它们不如早些的细胞有那样多的潜能,因为它们已经分化到一定程度了
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During development of the embryo it goes from being a single cell, the fertilized egg, to being a multi-cellular organism with billions of cells in it.
胚胎的发育,始于一个单一细胞,即受精卵,直到形成一个以十亿计数量的细胞构成的,多细胞有机体
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These released particles can now go on and infect neighboring cells, they can travel in the bloodstream to infect cells at a distance and the virus spreads throughout a multicellular host.
这些释放出的病毒颗粒,可以继续感染邻近的细胞,它们可以随着血流去感染远距离的细胞,于是病毒可以在多细胞宿主体内全面扩散
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Most of you have probably at some point or another learned about the cell cycle, or the process of a cell going from being a single cell to being two cells.
大部分人应该或多或少,学过细胞周期,就是细胞,一分为二的过程
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The technology that they use and really there's quite a lot of technology here starting from the plates that you grow them in turn out to be engineered so they have the right properties.
这个过程需要使用的技术,确实非常多,从设计培养细胞用的培养皿,到工程化培养出有合适属性的细胞
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If X is the number of cells, then the rate of change of X, dX/dt, the rate of change of the cell population, how fast division is taking is proportional to the number of cells I have.
如果X是细胞数目,那么X的改变率就是dX/dt,就是细胞数目的改变率,分裂的速度有多快,和细胞数量呈比例关系
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We're going to have DNA that we would like to make lots of copies of, or we're going to have DNA that we would like to get expressed in a cell, and we're going to put it in this region that's called the polylinker.
我们将那些需要得到很多拷贝数的DNA,或者需要在细胞中表达的DNA,整合到这个叫做多克隆位点的区域中
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