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So in the end,the canon is a list of the winners in the historical debate to define orthodox Christianity.
所以最后，正典书目只是赢家的清单,他们在这场定义东正教的历史争论中胜出。
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So writing is a very, very good example of helping you take an idea and making it a reality.
所以写作是一个很好的典例，它能帮助你把一个想法变为现实。
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So, this all seems a very technical phenomena related to animals and the like but it's easy to see how it generalizes and how it extends.
经典条件作用似乎是关于动物的,科学现象,但其实典条件作用发生,及其相关概念都简单易懂。
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Because the wardens-- people off the street, randomly divided- were becoming so oppressive.
因为随意找来的，随机分配的典狱长们-,变得非常残暴。
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He has just returned from performing certain acts of ritual sacrifice.
他刚从执行完,特定的祭典奉献仪式中归来。
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Now,notice that does not necessarily mean it's canonical because scripture in some religions refers to a bunch of stuff.
要记住它不一定是正典,因为圣典在某些宗教里涉及很多东西。
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There's a big debate about whether this canon list was composed around the year 200 or around the year 400.
人们曾热烈争论过正典书目的形成时间,是形成于主后两百年还是主后四百年。
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In fact,if you wanted to argue against, say,the Letter of Hebrews being included,you could say, "But all the people in the East don't accept the Letter of Hebrews as part of their canon,so we shouldn't,either."
实际上，如果你想反对，希伯来书被选上，你可以说，“但是东方的人都不承认希伯来书,属于他们的正典，所以我们也不应承认“
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I'm just trying to give you an idea of the variety of different canons for different churches in different regions.
我只是想让你了解一下,不同地区不同教会的各种正典书目。
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But when you call something "canon," you mean that there's a group of writing that has boundaries to it.
但是当你称某样东西为正典时,便是指那些有界限的书籍。
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Now,notice that means that some people would say that they use that 367 date,when Bishop Athanasius sent around his Easter letter. And they say that's when the Christian canon of the New Testament was set.
有些人会说,它写于主后367年，即阿萨内修斯主教,分发复活节书信的时候,据说那就是确定基督教新约正典的时间。
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Except that the Revelation of John is still not part of the lectionary or canon in some Eastern and Middle Eastern churches.
除了约翰启示录仍然不在,一些东方和中东教会的经文选或正典里。
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So if you go to an Anglican church, they will also,most of the time, accept the Roman Catholic canon,along with Roman Catholics.
所以如果你到了圣公会，大多数时候，他们会接受，罗马天主教正典和罗马天主教徒。
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What does it mean to call something "canon" that makes it different from scripture?
正典是什么意思？,它和圣典有什么不同？
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So some councils did try to set the canon.
有些议会确实想确定正典书目。
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And the Greek canon also accepts 4 Maccabees.
希腊语正典书目还有马卡比四书。
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So when you say,though,theological appropriateness is what ended up being the most important criterion for including stuff in the canon,you actually have to say then, "Appropriate to whom?"
但是如果你说神学合适性,是选择正典书目,最重要的标准，那么你可以问，“对谁合适？“
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Sometimes he believed they just weren't supposed to be included with the highest canonical books.
有时候人们只是认为,它们不属于最好的正典。
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But they don't have a set list of things that make something the canon.
但他们没有列出一系列东西,让它们成为正典。
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Notice what the canon list eventually have.
看看最终的正典书目有什么。
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Why is it canon?" And most Christians will say, "Because it is inspired."
为什么这是正典？“大多数基督教徒会说，“因为它具有神启性“
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So that's what it means to call something "canonical."
那就是正典的意思“
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So notice that this could be a very early canon list.
所以这可能是一张非常早的正典书目。
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Why is the Protestant canon like it is?
为什么新教正典会是现在这样？
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And it doesn't match our list.
而且与我们的正典书目不同。
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So it didn't set the canon.
所以它没有在确定正典书目。
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But now I've had my fill of both and I can spend my later years, the twilight of my life, turning to the things about the gods, " performing sacrifices commanded by the gods."
但现在我已两者尽得,我可以在剩下的光阴，我的残年，转向服伺众神，执行众神所指示的祭典“
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