While other species," he notes, "may have voice, may have sounds and be able to distinguish pleasure and pain, Logos speech"--logos is his word for it.

他注明，“虽然其它动物也许能发声,也许有音调能区分出愉悦与痛苦，“辩论能力“或他所用的词汇。

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选

So if you add up, if you try to calculate the balance of happiness and suffering, you might have a case for saying what they did was the right thing.

合计来看的话，计算一下，幸福与痛苦之差，你也许会认为，他们的所作所为是正确的选择。

耶鲁公开课 - 公正课程节选

Well, if that's right, and if we then realize that there's nothing I can do about the fact that I'm going to die, then perhaps some of the sting, some of the bite, is eliminated.

如果那是对的话，如果我们意识到,我们无法改变我们会死去的事实，那么也许有些刺痛，有些痛苦便消除了。

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

We then have to get down to facts about cases, try to describe the instance, perhaps somebody who's in the terminal stages of some illness where they're in a great deal of pain.

然后我们要区分各种情况，尝试描述某个特定的例子，也许某人在某种疾病的晚期,他们在承受巨大的痛苦。

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

you may remember the story from Derek Parfit about having the painful operation.

你们也许记得Derek，Parfit的故事,是关于痛苦的手术的。

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选