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You all remember the recent movie of a year or two ago about Troy with Colin Farrell about Alexander.
你们都还记得,最近一两年上映的一部电影中有提到特洛依城,由柯林，法洛饰演亚历山大大帝。
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And after the usual amount of scholarly debate, there seems to be no doubt that it was the City of Troy.
经过一番学术讨论之后,这里被确定为特洛伊城
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And he does the same thing, in fact, to those around him, famously to his lover, Maude Gonne, who becomes Helen of Troy in "No Second Troy"and in other poems.
他也这样表现他周围的人，著名的就要数他的爱人，昴德·冈昂，她在没有第二个特洛伊,和其他诗歌中化身为海伦。
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The head of the expedition to Troy, Agamemnon, the sort of generalissimo of that expedition is called Wanax.
特洛伊远征队的首脑,阿伽门农,当时这类大统帅被称为瓦纳克斯
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So, what you should do is to get up and speak to your soldiers, and say that you're never going to take Troy.
因此,你现在要做的就是起床,然后告诉你的士兵们,你们永远也攻不下特洛伊
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So having succeeded with that, he thought well, now that I've seen Troy, how about Mycenae?
随着这次成功,他又想到,我已经看到了特洛伊城,那迈锡尼城呢
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It is the heroic ethic. At a certain place, I think a couple of places in the Iliad, Achilles tell's us, "Why did you come here to fight at Troy?"
这是一种英雄主义的伦理观,在某个地方,我认为在《伊利亚特》中这样的地方不少,阿基里斯告诉我们,"你为什么来到这里与特洛伊作战"
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So, he went to where people thought Troy might be and he began digging there, and before you know it, he discovered a mound filled with cities, which he believed was Troy.
因此,他来到人们认为的特洛伊城的所在地,然后,开始挖掘,然后你们知道的,他发现了土堆之中的城市,他相信那就是特洛伊城
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And that, I think, we have to understand as being because of his function in the situation, namely there is a multi-city invasion of Troy being carried on by these Mycenaean Greeks.
基于这个问题,我们先要明白,他的地位以及所起的作用,许多迈锡尼的希腊城邦联合起来,对特洛伊发起进攻的时候
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So, what you have to imagine is sometime back, I would argue, in the Mycenaean Period, somebody began making up one of these songs, telling the story of Greeks going to attack the city of Troy.
所以,你们想象一下在过去的某时,我当然是说在迈锡尼文明时期,有人开始创作这些诗歌中的某一首,它描述了希腊人攻打特洛伊的故事
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The hyper-skeptical point of view taken by scholars in Europe in the nineteenth century was eroded very sharply by the discovery of places that really convinced pretty much everybody that there was a Troy, and that there was a Mycenae.
以致十九世纪欧洲学者的,怀疑论观点遭到了无情的反击,因为历史遗迹的的发现,确实说明了特洛伊和迈锡尼,都曾存在过
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If he went to Troy, he would die, but his memory as the greatest of the Achaeans would be immortal forever. Well, you know the choice he took and you know that it turned out to be right.
如果他去了特洛伊,他可能会战死,但他将被作为最伟大的雅典人受万世颂扬,而获得永存,你们知道了他的选择,也知道最终这个选择被证明是正确的
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Anthony Andrews says, "It may be that the epic tradition had at some stage used as a model for the army before Troy, an idealized version of some of those bands of colonists who settled the coast of Asia Minor in post-Mycenaean times."
安东尼·安德鲁说道,"或许那时的史诗时代在,特洛伊之前就采用了军队的模式,对于在后迈锡尼时代,小亚细亚地区的殖民者来说,这是最佳的模式
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Some scholars have pointed out that in Book II of the Iliad in the section that we call, "The Catalog of Ships," The poet lays out just exactly how many warships came to Troy fromGreece, and just exactly how many came from each town.
有学者指出在《伊利亚特》第二卷,《船舶名录》这一章节中,诗人准确地列出了从特洛伊出发到希腊的,战舰的数量,而每个城镇又各有多少
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Well, he has a wife whom he loves, Penelope, and he has a son whom he has barely seen because he had to go off to Troy almost 20 years ago to fight that battle and he hasn't been home since.
因为他有挚爱的妻子珀涅罗珀,以及一个由于二十年前,他前赴参加特洛伊战争,而几乎素未谋面的儿子
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