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We talked about base pairing and how that leads to this process of hybridization or very specific matching between complimentary strands.
我们讲了碱基配对,以及它们如何引起杂交过程,或者说,互补链之间的特异配对
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In any event, in music we have different strands and these strands can be organized in different ways.
不管怎样,在音乐中有不同的线,而这些线可以用不同的方式组织
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You then denature again, each one of these strands gets separated, primers bind, turn on the polymerase, a new strand is made.
然后你可以再次使产物链变性,使各链解旋,再结合引物,激活聚合酶,再生成新链
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You know from our discussion last time that these two complimentary strands are not mirror images of one another, they're not identical, they're complimentary.
从我们上次的讨论中可以得知,这两段互补序列并非互为镜像,它们并非相同,而是互补的
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If you put in other little strands of melody, it changes it more toward polyphonic texture.
如果将之放到其他的小旋律中，将会改变对位材质。
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One of the strands encodes the protein, encodes for the protein, the other does not.
一条链编码蛋白质,指导蛋白质合成,另一条则不能
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Think of the texture of music and think of these strands of high and low.
让我们思考音乐的织体,以及这些高低的线条
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This notion of complementary strands is very important.
这个双链互补配对的概念非常重要
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How many strands of music do you hear-- can you pick up?
大家能听到多少股旋律,能数清楚吗
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It has to do with tapestries and carpets and things like that where you weave different strands in in different ways, and somewhere in my deep recesses I have these words "Wep" And "Warp" Or something like that.
它和挂毯和地毯之类的东西一样,你可以用不同的方式编织不同的线,在我内心深处,有这么一些词,交错,和,蜿蜒
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But they will do that in a very particular way, in that only strands that exactly match will be able to reform their native structure.
但是双链的形成也不是随意的,只有完全互补的单链之间,才成重新恢复到它们原先的结构
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Those are two continuous strands that wind around each other to form the double helix.
这两股主链,相互缠绕形成双螺旋
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You can do that by gently adding heat and making it basic, but you make the two DNA strands separate.
你可以通过逐渐加温并使之碱化的方法,使双链DNA解旋
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This is - what this diagram shows you is-- the forces that hold these individual strands of DNA into a double stranded form.
你们可以看看这个图表,演示了连接两条DNA长链为双螺旋,结构的化学力
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A new single stranded DNA is formed on each one of these open single strands.
对两条打开的单链进行复制,会生成两条新的DNA单链
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That only strands that have this exact complement can form double stranded DNA.
这表示只有两条链的碱基对,完全互补才能形成DNA双链
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If I'm talking about two DNA strands and they differ only in one or two base pairs they won't be exact complements and they won't form this double helix.
假设有两条DNA单链,有一两个碱基不能配对,它们就不能完全互补,也无法形成双螺旋形结构
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That tells you something about the physical chemistry of the molecule; that it's these hydrogen bonds that hold the double strands and I can break those down under certain conditions.
我们从中可以知道一些,DNA分子的理化特点,双链是由氢键连接在一起,在一定条件下这些氢键可以断裂
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So the process of cloning DNA is taking a few strands of DNA of a gene that you're interested in and making many copies of them, that's cloning,you like to make identical copies.
所以DNA克隆的过程,就是用你所感兴趣的,基因的一些DNA链,来得到更多它们的拷贝,这就是克隆,复制出相同的拷贝
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Now DNA is a double helix and I've only shown you one part of the helix, right? I've shown you one upright strut and a base hanging off of it, but it forms a double helix because complementary strands of DNA strongly associate with one another and that's a very stable structure.
NA是双螺旋,我只是给你们讲了螺旋的一边,我给你们演示,一条链的支柱及碱基团,但其能构成双螺旋,是因为DNA是完全互补的两条链,彼此之间结合紧密,结构异常稳定
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If I had a beaker sitting on the table here and it contained a million blue double stranded DNA molecules and a million red double stranded DNA molecules and I heated it up and added a little base, I'd soon have four million individual strands just floating around in the solution because I've broken up this hydrogen bonding and the DNA molecules fall apart.
假如我这里有一个烧杯 里面,盛有一百万条蓝色DNA双链和,一百万条红色DNA双链,然后我稍微加热一下烧杯,并且加一些碱,很快我就有了四百万条DNA单链,漂浮在溶液里,因为我已经使得氢键断裂,DNA双链也随之打开
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