Such states, of course, did not need a bureaucracy for there were no vast royal or state holdings that needed management and not much economic surplus to support a bureaucratic class.

国家无需官僚体制,因为没有庞大的皇室家族,和国家财富需要管理,也没多少经济盈余能够维持官僚阶级

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

So, it's very important to see how different from that the Greek idea was and what an enormous responsibility the polis was supposed to have, and of course with that, there had to be an enormous amount of support for the state by the citizens.

因此,了解希腊观点的与众不同,以及城邦应当拥有完善的政府职能,是非常重要的,当然,基于此,一个优秀的政府离不开,那些支持他们的公民

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

Right? The state of nature is not seen by him as an actual historical condition in some ways, although he occasionally will refer to what we might think of as anthropological evidence to support his views on the state of nature.

他并不是把自然状态理解为,某种方式的实际的历史性的状态，即使他偶然性地,用人类学的证据,去支持他自然状态的观点。

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选