There seems to be no interesting difference between how the brain comes to acquire and use the spoken language versus a sign language.

似乎大脑在如何获得和使用口语语言,与如何获得和使用手语之间,不存在任何的差别

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There's a wonderful case in Nicaragua in sign language where they acquire sign language from adults who themselves are not versed in sign language.

研究者在尼加拉瓜曾做过,一个精彩的手语个案研究,儿童们从本身并不熟悉手语的成年人那里,习得手语

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In the first passage, the statement about language by criticism, that sign and meaning can never coincide, is what is precisely taken for granted in the kind of language we call "literary."

在第一段，关于语言的主张，用批判的方式，认为符号和意思永远不能相矛盾，正是这个主张,被人们认为是理所当然的，对于我们所说的文学语言来说“

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It could sound strange or look unusual in the case of a sign language.

比如说手语看上去会很奇怪或是异常

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So, what I want to do is, I want to discuss the scientific notion of language, at first restricting myself to systems like English and Dutch and American sign language and Navajo and so on.

因此,我想做的是,我想来谈谈语言的科学定义,首先我会将自己限定在,诸如英语,荷兰语,美国手语,或迪瓦霍语等语言系统之下

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And I want to stop at this point to go back to the issue -I promised you I would turn a bit to sign language and I want to describe now a very elegant --I want to show a little film now of a very elegant series of experiments looking at the question of whether babies who are exposed to a sign language, babble.

我想在这里停一下,回到之前的一个问题上,我说过我会稍微讲一下手语,我现在想要播放一小段电影,展示一系列精彩的实验,这些实验探究了暴露在手语环境中的婴儿,是否会进行咿呀学语的问题

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So that's the way a sign works in language.

这就是符号是如何被应用在语言中。

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It's not a full-blown language like american sign-language or langue des signes quebecoise but it's a language nonetheless, with words and syntax and phonology.

这种语言并不像美国手语,或加拿大魁北克手语那样成熟,尽管如此,这种语言依然拥有词,语法和语音

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It might be worth pausing over the variety of ways in which we can think of signs in language, all of which have to do with the way in which a given sign might be chosen to go into a speech sentence.

这也许值得尝试,为了理解语言和符号的关系，这一切都和符号怎样,被选择为一段话语的构成部分有关系。

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The essay that you read in its entirety for today, "Structure, Sign and Play in the Language of the Human Sciences," was delivered on the occasion of a conference about "the sciences of man" at Johns Hopkins University in 1966.

今天我们要读的是一整篇文章，名为《人文科学话语中的结构、符号和游戏》,这篇文章发表于1966年,在约翰普金斯大学召开的一个会议上，会议主题是“人类科学“

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And more recently, there's been case studies of children who acquire sign language.

而近期更有些关于儿童学习手语的,个案研究

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You could use a sign language thing for "Drink" that looks sort of like the act of drinking but you can't use a sign language word for "Country" that looks like a country, or for "Idea" that looks like an idea.

你可以用看起来像喝这个动作的手语,来表示"喝",但你无法用看起来像国家的手语,来表示"国家",或用看起来像想法的手语来表示"想法"

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