Would it increase or decrease z effective?

它将变大还是变小呢？

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

The return, of course, in any given time period is the percentage increase in the portfolio; or, it could be a negative number, it could be a decrease.

当然了，收益率是一定时间内,投资组合的增长率;,也可能是一个负数，表示负增长。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选