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get back to the initial point is going to require some input from outside, like heat or extra work or extra heat or something because you've done an irreversible process.
如果要逆转它,回到初始点，就需要外界的投入，比如额外的功，额外的热量等等,因为你进行了一个不可逆过程。
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But part of the process of being systematic is not assuming that I'm going to get a lucky guess. But not even thinking really hard at this point. But just pruning the search space.
但是系统化的过程是不允许,假设我做出了,一个幸运的猜测的,而是逐步缩小搜索空间。
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that instead of all the steps being reversible, let's just put in one irreversible step.
不是所有的过程都是可逆的，其中有一个过程不可逆。
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The size of the cells could be different; maybe mitosis is asymmetrical in some way so that one of the cells ends up being bigger than the other.
细胞大小可能会不同,也许有丝分裂的过程是不对称的,致使子细胞一个大一个小
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This is equal to zero. So this irreversible process this Joule-Thomson process, is a constant enthalpy process. Delta h for this process is equal to zero.
等于0。所以这个不可逆过程,也就是焦耳-汤姆逊过程,是一个等焓过程。
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The Joule-Thomson experiment is irreversible.
实验是一个不可逆过程。
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It's about a tie, and everybody else doesn't now.
这是一个不可逆过程？
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So this is an irreversible process.
所以这是一个不可逆过程，焦耳-汤姆逊。
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Now q2 was in this step, and we're going to leave that reversible, right, but q1 is irreversible.
现在q2是这个过程中的热，是一个可逆的，但是q1是不可逆的。
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This isn't particularly important for us to know here, but that messenger RNA gets converted into a protein of a specific composition through a biological process called translation is important.
我们这里不特别强调这个,但mRNA转换成一个,特定蛋白质的过程,我们称之为翻译过程,是非常重要的
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