Before she could go home,though, the war between France and Prussia began in eighteen seventy.

VOA: special.2009.07.26

You'll find nothing comparable in Russia, obviously which I'll come back and talk about, or in Prussia, or in France.

而你在俄国却找不到类似的方式,很显然我在讲到普鲁士或法国,那章时也将回顾并谈到这一问题

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选

But they identified large standing armies with France with France or with the Spain of Phillip II or with Prussia or with Russia.

然而他们往往把拥有大量陆军武装,与法国或者菲利普二世的西班牙,或者普鲁士,俄国等国家相联系

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选

And so, what happens is that he goes to war in the summer of 1870, without any allies, against Prussia and its South German allies, and he thinks he's going to win.

因此,战争在一八七零年夏天爆发,法军孤立无援,单独对抗普鲁士及其南德诸邦盟友,他自认为必胜无疑

耶鲁公开课 - 1871年后的法国课程节选

Prussia did not include the Hanseatic League cities, such as Bremen and Hamburg and the others.

这里所说的普鲁士不包括汉萨同盟的城市,如不来梅港市,汉堡等

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选

This is in a state that barely extends beyond Brandenburg and Pomerania in what now is Western Poland, and still Prussia in the unified Germany.

当时的普鲁士基本上就是勃兰登堡和波美拉尼亚,在德意志第二帝国时期仍保留普鲁士王国的建制,历史上的波美拉尼亚现位于波兰西部

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选

Given the very different route that Prussia, Austria, Russia, Sweden and France went with a centralization of absolute rule, why did it work out so differently for England/Britain and the Netherlands?

在选择政体时,当普鲁士,奥地利,俄国,瑞典,法国,都伴随着中央集权走上绝对主义国家的道路,为什么英国和荷兰会如此与众不同呢

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选

Prussia, I already said, you've got your big nobles.

我已经提过,普鲁士有许多大贵族

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选

The middle class was extremely small in Prussia.

在普鲁士,中产阶级也是小众群体

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选

What happens in Russia is what happens in Prussia, as well, and in other parts of Eastern Europe, particularly in the Hapsburg domains--you have, to make a very bad pun, a resurfacing of the region by people forced into serf contracts.

在普鲁士发生了与俄国一样的事情,东欧的其他地区也是一样,特别是哈布斯堡王朝的领域,说个不好的双关语吧,被迫签下契约变成农奴的人们把这些地区改头换面了

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选