University-level research papers, she says,are now being peppered with casual phrases like "you know" and words like "guy" informal usages that were absent almost a decade ago.

VOA: standard.2010.01.16

And syntax refers to those rules and principles that allow us to combine words into phrases and phrases into sentences.

语法是指使我们将词组合成短语,以及将短语组合成句子的规则和原则

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

A boat, about, a dress, a coat: these are all simple iambic phrases that you hear in our language all the time.

一艘船，关于，一条裙子，一件外套：,这些都是简单的抑扬格的词组,你在我们的语言中会经常听到。

耶鲁公开课 - 现代诗歌课程节选

How do those stock phrases alienate you from the very experience you hope that they can describe?

那些陈腔旧调会怎样使,和你期望描述的体验渐行渐远？

耶鲁公开课 - 1945年后的美国小说课程节选

So it's a useful way of not quite knowing in advance what you want to put in a string, but being able to create strings, phrases, sentences, dynamically.

这是一个很有用的方法，如果你之前不是很了解,在句子中要加入什么，但是这个方法可以,动态地创建字符串，短语，句子。

哈佛公开课 - 计算机科学课程节选

And, as we said before, music has a syntax so that these phrases have to be in a-- arranged in a particular way that makes sense.

就如我们曾经提到的,音乐具有语法,这些乐句必须,以特有方式排列,才有意义

耶鲁公开课 - 聆听音乐课程节选

It assumes not just merely in reflexive use of phrases.

这不仅体现在语言上。

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

Somewhere in memory, back to back to back or all of the strings and with them can we store actual words and phrases.

在内存某处，紧邻的或者所有的字符串,我们用它们可以存储实际的单词,和短语。

哈佛公开课 - 计算机科学课程节选

Music is a language and it is made up of a syntax, and syntax, you know, consists of phrases and the order in which those phrases occur.

音乐也是一种语言,由句法构成,而句法,你们知道的,就是乐句组合,以及这些乐句的组合顺序

耶鲁公开课 - 聆听音乐课程节选

So, if language seems exhausted because it's always preceding you, everything has always already been said, there's no new plot to be had, the world is full of stock phrases, how do you use them to embody an experience that seems fresh to you?

所以，如果因语言，在你之前就存在，而它就显得枯竭，如果一切都已经被说过，如果已没有新的情节可供创造，如果世界一直充满陈腔旧调，你如何能够用它们,呈现出一个崭新的体验？

耶鲁公开课 - 1945年后的美国小说课程节选