With the scene of the flight of the pagan gods at the nativity of Christ Milton is also depicting a scenario that, I think, on some level he's hoping will occur within himself.

在《圣诞清晨歌》中有一个无宗教信仰的人逃跑的画面,我认为弥尔顿同时也在描绘一个剧情，某种程度上他希望这样的事情也会发生在自己身上。

耶鲁公开课 - 弥尔顿课程节选

So in sum, Kaufman's argument is this: Israel conceived of the divine in an entirely new way. Israel's God differed from the pagan gods in his essential nature. The pagan gods were natural gods.

总而言之，考夫曼的观点就是：以色列从一种全新的角度,构想了神的世界，以色列的上帝与异教的众神,在本质上完全不同，异教的众神是自然的神。

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选

So magic in a pagan system, Kaufman claims, is a way of getting around the gods, circumventing the capricious will of the gods and demons.

考夫曼宣称，异教系统中的法术，可以用来应付众神,能使反复无常的神谕和恶魔的诅咒失灵。

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选

He says the pagan idea, and I quote, "does not approach Israelite monotheism as it diminishes the number of its gods. The Israelite conception of God's unity entails His sovereign transcendence over all." That's the real issue.

考夫曼认为，异教思想，“即使缩小了神的数量，也和以色列的一神论不同,以色列中上帝的概念还包含了他对世间万物,至高无上的统治，“这是一个实际问题。

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选

Pagan religions contain theogonies, birth of a god, "theogony", accounts of the births of gods. Now this impersonal primordial realm, Kaufman declares, contains the seeds of all beings.

异教有神谱，神族谱系，用来记载诸神的诞生的，考夫曼认为，这个可观存在的原始领域包含了万物的本源。

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选

Mythologies are the lives or tales of the lives of gods, tales of the lives of the gods. In pagan religions the gods are born, and they live lives very similar to human lives but on a grand scale and then they die. They might be reborn too.

神话记载了众神的生活故事，众神的一生，在异教里，神是受孕而生的，他们群居，并且生活习惯和人类非常相似,他们也会死亡，也许还会重生。

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选