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Others carried out energy studies of city school buildings to make sure the equipment and systems work effectively.
VOA: special.2009.09.04
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So I've sort of just spread out what we have as the second row here, graphed against the ionization energy.
所以我将第二行的情况,在这里展了，纵坐标是电离能。
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Now, if this incident energy is great enough it will take an electron out of the ground state and promote it.
现在，如果入射能足够的话,它会将一个电子从基态中释放出来,并且加速它。
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As you can imagine, the deeper the earthquake goes, the more of the energy is attenuated or spread out as it goes toward the surface.
VOA: standard.2010.01.13
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And in this case we're going to look at silicone, and we'll say if you can point out to me which requires the least amount of energy.
这次我们要做的是关于硅的，我们来看看大家是不是,能够为我指出那一项需要消耗的能量最少。
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They are diffuse,dispersed,spread out instead of concentrated the way that fossil energy was.
VOA: standard.2010.04.21
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So, in a sense, it says, you know, if you wanted to build a boat that took energy out of the warmth of the air to sail around the world, you can do that.
因此，某种意义上说，它宣称如果你想要造一艘船,通过从空气中获取热量,这是可以做到的。
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And last June,says Sittenfeld, the House passed the American Clean Energy and Security Act, the first bill out of either chamber of Congress to directly take on the challenge of global warming.
VOA: standard.2010.02.25
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A related view is that sleep emerged to preserve energy and keep you out of trouble at night.
相似地，睡眠是为了保存能量,还能让你晚上不去惹麻烦。
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Among its goals,the resolution aims to strengthen the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), to keep nuclear materials out the hands of terrorists, and to ensure the development of nuclear energy for peaceful purposes.
VOA: standard.2009.09.24
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I alluded to this a little bit in the first class about how humans have evolved to seek out energy because famine was the largest threat is one example of this.
第一节课的时候我提到了,人类是如何演化以便寻找能量,因为饥荒是最大的威胁,这是其中一例
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National and state governments around the world have been trying out various incentives and subsidies to promote clean renewable energy but the global economic slowdown has hurt the ability of many governments to dole out public funds.
VOA: standard.2010.03.23
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So when you operate on the wave function, what you end up with is getting the binding energy of the electron, and the wave function back out.
所以当你将它作用于波函数时，你得到的是电子的结合能,和后面的波函数。
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Therefore,we would not be committed to any of this." A hardline Iranian member of parliament,Mohammed Karamirad, warned Saturday that Tehran could pull out of negotiations with the International Atomic Energy Agency or stop it from inspecting Iran's nuclear facilities.
VOA: standard.2009.11.28
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And the glitch that doesn't make sense just through periodic trends, is that it turns out that the ionization energy of boron is actually less than the ionization energy up beryllium.
仅仅考虑周期性规律,是无法理解这个问题的，这里显示硼的电离能,实际上比铍的要小。
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So it looks like not too many more than half of you got this correct, so make sure you can look at your periodic table and figure out how to think about ionization energy in terms of z effective, not just in terms of memorizing what that trend is.
看起来只有一半多一点的人,做对了，所以请大家务必做到能够通过观察周期表,并在考虑电离能时,从有效核电量的观点出发，而不是仅仅依靠记住这个规律。
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this happens spontaneously, you actually get energy out of the reaction as this happens.
这是自发的，当反应发生的时候,你会自发地放出能量。
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OK, he also, let me see, he also, lastly, to close us out, he also developed an analytical expression for the energy of that covalent bond, which is really what we want.
好的，他也，让我看看，他也，最终接近我们的，他也发明了一种分析方式,对于共价键能量来说，这是我们真正想要的。
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We can also talk about it in terms of if we want to solve, if we, for example, we want to find out what that initial energy was, we can just rearrange our equation, or we can look at this here where the initial energy is equal to kinetic energy plus the work function.
初始能量是多少，也可以,写成另一种形式,我们可以把方程变形,或者我们看这里,初始能量等于,动能加功函数。
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We can also figure out the energy of this orbital here, and the energy is equal to the Rydberg constant.
我们同样可以知道,这个轨道的能量，它等于，Rydberg常数。
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So you don't want to put in a negative energy, that's not going to help you out, you need to put in positive energy to get an electron out of the system. So that's why you'll find binding energies are always negative, and ionization energies are always going to be positive, or you could look at the equation and see it from there as well.
因为这对电离没有帮助,你需要一个正的能量,使得电子脱离这个系统,这就是为什么你会发现,结合能总是负的而电离能总是正的,或者你们看这个方程也可以发现这一点。
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That was Cartesian space. When I plot r as a distance out from the nucleus that is sort of our simple-minded planetary model. Now let's look at energy.
笛卡尔坐标系，当我用r表示,离原子核的距离时，那只是我们头脑中简单的,类似行星的模型，现在我们看一下能量问题。
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The electron's going to come out of that highest occupied atomic orbital, that one that's the highest in energy, because that's going to be the at least amount of energy it needs to eject something.
这个电子应该是从,最高的被占据轨道上出来的，它的能级是最高的，因为这样的话发射出它,只需要消耗最少的能量。
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So, if we want to think about what the first ionization energy is of boron, what you want to do is write out the electron configuration, because then you can think about where it is that the electron's coming out of.
如果我们要考虑,硼的第一电离能，你首先要做的是写出它的电子排布，因为在这之后,你才能知道拿走的是哪里的电子。
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So, what we can do is figure out what we would expect the binding energy of that electron to be in the case of this total shielding.
完全屏蔽的案例中,期望的电子结合,能再次记住,结合能物理上来说是。
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So in the case of 12 32, that is our highest kinetic energy, it's the smallest amount of energy it takes to pop an electron out of that orbital.
因此，1232是我们能够得到的,最高的动能，它是从这个轨道中,打出一个电子需要消耗的最低能量。
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It makes sense that it's going to come out of the highest occupied atomic orbital, because that's going to be the lowest amount of energy that's required to actually eject an electron.
从最高占据轨道上,去掉一个电子是合理的，因为这样是发射一个电子,所损失的最低能量。
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So if I worry about energy I have a pretty good chance of extracting out these heat capacities, right, and I don't have to worry about exactly which path and I can really mix things up.
而能量与热容有密切的关系,从能量就可以就算出这两个热容，我不需要考虑到底是哪一条路径,可以随意计算。
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So we can figure out the energy of each photon emitted by our UV lamp by saying e is equal to h c over wavelength.
所以我们可以计算出,每个从紫外光源射出的光子,也就是e等于h乘以c除以波长。
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If you see a problem that asks you, for example, the third ionization energy versus taking a second electron out of the 2 s in a photoelectron spectroscopy experiment, those are two very different things.
如果你遇到一个题目问你的是，比如说，是第三电离能,还是在光电子能谱实验中从，2，s，轨道中,拿走第二个电子，这可是两个完全不同的问题。
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