-
And then linked to the glycerol instead of a third fatty acid chain is a water soluble molecule, like a salt.
但连到甘油上的第三个基团不是脂肪酸链,而是一种水溶性的分子,像盐一样
-
Well, imagine if that change in structure could be switched on and off by addition of a phosphorous; and in fact it can in many proteins.
那么,想象一下,只需引入磷酸基团,就能导致蛋白质的结构发生变化,事实上很多蛋白质就是如此
-
The phosphate group of one nucleotide gets linked to the sugar group of another nucleotide and I'm going to show you that in a few minutes.
一个核苷酸上的磷酸基团,连接在另外一个核苷酸的糖基上,马上我会给你们演示
-
I would attach the phosphate that's connected to the 5' carbon of another nucleotide.
我会添加一个磷酸基团到,另外一个核苷酸的5'碳原子上
-
Now, being phosphorylated means that a phosphate group has been added to the protein, and phosphate groups can only be added to certain amino acids along a protein.
磷酸化的意思是,蛋白上连接了一个磷酸基团,这个磷酸基团只能连在,蛋白中某些特定的氨基酸上
-
It can 'phosphorylate' or add a phosphorous to another protein.
它能够磷酸化蛋白,也就是给其他蛋白分子上添加磷酸基团
-
One way that you could switch this on and off inside the cell is by taking off this phosphorous, proteins enzymes that do this opposite reaction, the opposite to kinases are called phosphokinases.
一种方法是通过去除磷酸基团,来改变细胞内蛋白的状态,催化添加磷酸基团,此逆反应的蛋白酶,能够催化逆反应的激酶叫做磷酸激酶
-
Another family is receptor tyrosine kinases, I'll show another picture in a moment that tells you more about what a kinase is, but a kinase is basically an enzyme that can add a phosphorous to another molecule.
另一类是酪氨酸激酶受体,马上我给你们看另一张图,这张图会更详细地告诉你们激酶是什么,激酶是一种能够,向其他分子上添加磷酸基团的酶
-
It performs a chemical reaction on the protein, taking a phosphorous from ATP and moving that phosphorous onto the protein.
它能够催化蛋白参与如下反应,即将ATP上的一个磷酸基团,转移到蛋白质上
-
So my goal today is to talk about sort of the basics of the molecules, their chemistry, the function of DNA in cells, sort of basic - the basic side of that.
所以我今天的任务是告诉你们,DNA分子的各种基团,它们的化学结构,细胞内DNA分子的功能
应用推荐