It is fear, not reason, that leads us to abandon the state of nature and sue for peace.
与理性不同，恐惧让我们放弃自然状态，转而去寻求和平。
That competition is the state of nature.
大自然处于竞争之中。
The state of nature from which he has been removed?
自然的状态他已经远离了自然状态？
This study is in the state of nature without any intervention.
本研究在自然状态下进行，对锻炼者不采用任何干预措施。
This is not to say, again, that the state of nature for Hobbes is one of permanent fighting.
这并不是说，霍布斯的自然状态，是一种永恒斗争。
Well, in order to answer that question, it helps to remember what the state of nature is like.
为了回答这个问题，我们可以回想自然状态是什么样的。
It's just that the state of nature that's how the biology would seem to fall out. You want to go on?
那就是自然的状态，是生物学，如何看上去失和，你们想继续吗？
You remember, when he talks about the state of nature, he is not talking about an imaginary place.
你们应该记得，他所谈到的自然状态，并不是某个假想的地方。
And you don't have to be too careful or fine about gradations of punishment in the state of nature.
而且在自然状态中，你不必，对实施惩罚的程度太过小心。
But the state of nature, for him, is rather a kind of thought experiment after the manner of experimental science.
但是对他来说，自然状态，是一种思想的实验，这是在科学实验之后。
The charged objects are of properties exchanging charged or uncharged particles in order to achieve the state of nature.
带电物体有向空间交换带电和不带电的微粒子以达到其中性状态的性质。
Today we're going to continue the state of nature, Hobbes' most famous discovery, his most famous metaphor, his most famous concept.
今天我们要继续讲，自然状态，即霍布斯最著名的发现，即他最著名的隐喻和概念。
Maybe you'll now believe Hobbes if you don't believe me. So the state of nature, it's a state of insecurity, it's a state of conflict.
如果你不相信我的话，你也不一定相信霍布斯,所以自然状态,是一种不安全的状态，是一种矛盾的状态。
Why does it not matter to Rousseau's argument (or so he seems to think) that the state of nature as he describes it never existed?
即使卢梭所说的自然状态并不存在，他的论证(或者，他似乎是抱持这种想法)仍丝毫不为所动，为何如此？
That would be one way of reading that Hobbes seems to, wants us to think about the state of nature as akin to a scientific experiment.
这就是阅读的一个方面，霍布斯似乎，想让我们思考自然状态，就像思考科学实验一样。
It is only in the state of nature, he tells us, that individuals have the right to determine just and unjust, right and wrong for themselves.
他认为，只有在自然社会中，个人才有权力决定，什么是公正，不公正，什么是对什么是错。
In the principle-agent problem with moral hazard, the observation of the state of nature has the same effect with the monitoring of agent's action.
在道德风险问题的委托代理关系中，委托人对代理人行动的监督与对自然状态的观测所起的效果是等价的。
Below we consider a further reason behind Rawls's rejection of the state of nature: it does not adequately allow for impartial judgment and the equality of persons.
下面，我们考察暗藏于罗尔斯拒绝自然状态背后的进一步的原因：它并不足以包容公正的判断和人们之间的平等。
The original position is set forth largely as an alternative to the state of nature and is regarded by Rawls as the appropriate initial situation for a social contract.
初始状态是主要地用来替换自然状态的，并且被罗尔斯当作适合社会契约起点的环境。
In fact, we can never be fully free of the fear and of the anxiety and uncertainty of the state of nature, even within to some degree of fully constituted civil society.
实际上，我们完全可以，脱离恐惧焦虑和，对自然状态的不确定，甚至在一定程度上可以摆脱完全文明的社会。
Most transformers in the power system at present have not been evaluated sufficiently in terms of economical efficiency, and some of them even run in the state of nature.
目前，系统中的大多数电力变压器开展经济性评估工作的力度还不够，有的甚至还运行在自然状态。
How does Hobbes describe the state of nature? He says that he does not believe that it ever existed "generally", but something like it exists now in the relation between nations.
霍布斯如何形容自然的状态？他说他不相信它曾经“普遍地”存在过，但类似的东西现今存在于国与国间的关系。
Hobbes refers to the sovereign as a mortal god, as his answer to the problems of the state of nature, the state, the condition of life being solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short.
君主就是生在凡间的神，霍布斯在回答，什么是国家的本质时这样比喻到，他的国家，他的生命都总是孤独，穷苦，下流，野蛮和短暂的。
The state of nature fully continues, in many ways, oddly even in civil society, he says, whenever we have reason to believe that our lives or our properties or ourselves are not secure.
从很多方面来说，自然状态，即使在文明社会里也显得奇怪，不论我们是否有理由相信我们有生活，生命和财产财产安全的保障。
Rousseau accuses other philosophers before himself of attributing to mankind in the state of nature only characteristics of mankind in a state of civilization. How adequate is the accusation?
卢梭抨击以前的哲学家，指责他们一昧以人类文明特徵作为对人类自然状态的讨论，他的攻击是否适切？
In Kant, this universality goes so far that the wild man of the woods, man in the state of nature and the bourgeois are all contained in the same definition and have the same fundamental qualities.
在康德的思想中这种普遍性是如此的广泛，以致森林中的野人，即还处于原始状态中的人，以及布尔乔亚阶级的人都包括到这同样的定义中去，而且具有相同的基本性质。
"Nature gave us lips to conceal our teeth," ran one popular Victorian maxim, alluding to the fact that before the birth of proper dentistry, mouths were often in a shocking state of hygiene.
维多利亚时代流传着一则箴言：“造物主赋予人类嘴唇以遮掩牙齿”。这暗示了在严格意义上的牙科学诞生之前，口腔的卫生状况往往非常糟糕。
"Nature gave us lips to conceal our teeth," ran one popular Victorian maxim, alluding to the fact that before the birth of proper dentistry, mouths were often in a shocking state of hygiene.
维多利亚时代流传着一则箴言：“造物主赋予人类嘴唇以遮掩牙齿”。这暗示了在严格意义上的牙科学诞生之前，口腔的卫生状况往往非常糟糕。
应用推荐