The graph to the left, this is the s orbital, symmetric.
在左边的图是对称的S轨道，对称的。
And yet, we know that the shape of the s orbital is spherical.
并且，我们知道S轨道是球状的。
If you compare the s orbital with the bottom lobe, these have a different sign so they're going to destructively interfere.
如果你们比较s轨道和下面这叶，它们正负号相反，所以它们相消干涉。
So, what you find with the s orbital, and this is general for all s orbitals is that all of your nodes end up being radial nodes.
对于s轨道，你们会发现，所有的节点都是径向节点。
For example, when we're talking about radial probability distributions, the most probable radius is closer into the nucleus than it is for the s orbital.
举例来说当我们讨论径向概率分布时，距离原子核最可能的半径是，比s轨道半径，更近的可以离原子核有多近。
So, if I kind of circle where the probability gets somewhat substantial here, you can see we're much closer to the nucleus at the s orbital than we are for the p, then when we are for the d.
我把概率,很大的地方圈出来，你们可以看到在s轨道上,比p轨道更接近原子核，最远是d轨道。
So for example, if you look at the 1 s orbital here, you can see that actually it is lower in the case of the multi-electron atom than it is for the hydrogen atom.
所以举例来说，如果你看到这里的1s轨道，你可以看到实际上，多电子原子情况的。
So for example, if you know how to draw an s orbital for a hydrogen atom, then you already know how to draw the shape of an s orbital or a p orbital for argon.
举个例子，如果你们知道如果画,氢原子的s轨道，那么你们已经知道如何去,画氩的s轨道和p轨道的形状。
So, our first orbital that an electron 1 s must be coming from is the 1 s.
所以，我们的第一个肯定有电子，被打出的轨道是。
This is the radial probability distribution formula for an s orbital, which is, of course, dealing with something that's spherically symmetrical.
这个s轨道的，径向概率分布公式，它对于球对称，的情形成立。
And how many nodes do you see in the 3 s orbital?
那3s轨道有多少个节点呢？
So, for example, if we look at the 2 s orbital of argon, it's going to have the same amount of nodes and the same type of nodes that the 2 s orbital for hydrogen has.
所以举例来说，如果我们看氩的2s轨道，它有相同数量的节数,和相同类型的节点,对于氢的2s轨道。
Let's consider again an s orbital for argon, so let's say we're looking at the 1 s orbital for argon.
我们再考虑一次氩的s轨道，所以我们说我们在看氩的1s轨道。
So that's why we see the 2 p here, 1206 the 2 s is 12 06, and it makes sense that what we see as the greatest ionization energy, which is also the smallest kinetic energy is that 1 s orbital.
这就是为什么我们看到，2，p在这里，2，s对应,那么我们看到对应最高的电离能，同时也对应最低的动能的,应该就是，1，s，轨道。
So what you see is actually a diminished lobe on the back part of this s p 3 orbital.
你们看到,在sp3轨道的后面部分,有个小叶。
We talked about the wave function for a 2 s orbital, and also for a 3 s orbital.
我们讲过2s轨道的波函数，也讲过3s轨道。
So that's the 1 s orbital - we have n squared or 1 degenerate orbitals.
所以这是1s轨道,我们有n平方,或者1个简并轨道。
So we can also look at this in terms of the 3 s orbital.
我们可以同样的来看下3s轨道。
First of all, this is the two s orbitals in hydrogen, 1s plus 1s smearing to give us this sigma molecular orbital.
首先，这是氢气中的两个s轨道，1s与1s轨道重叠，产生sigma分子轨道。
We said that's the 1 s orbital.
我们说它是1s轨道。
So, what we call this is the third ionization energy, or the negative of the binding energy, again of the 2 s orbital, but now it's in boron plus 2 to we're starting with.
那么我们称它为第三电离能，或者负的束缚能，还是，2，s，轨道的，但现在我们是从正二价硼离子开始的。
The space shuttle Columbia was the first space worthy shuttle in NASA 's orbital fleet.
哥伦比亚号航空航天飞机是美国航天局轨道船队第一个有价值的空间航天飞机。
This has been an important motive behind China 's recent push to become a space power, with the launch of two manned orbital craft in 2003 and 2005.
中国在2003年和2005年成功发射两艘载人飞船后迅速成为宇航强国是其重振的源动力。
So we expect to see two nodes right here in the 3 s orbital.
所以在3s轨道中我们预计能看到两个节点。
The 1 s just comes from the fact that the molecular orbital is a combination of two 1 s atomic orbitals.
是因为分子轨道是两个,1s原子轨道的组合。
So it's along the bond axis and it's between a carbon s p 2 hybrid, and then the hydrogen is just a 1 s orbital that we're combining here.
所以它是沿着键轴方向的,而且这里是一个碳sp2杂化轨道，和一个氢的1s轨道的结合,在这里我们可以合并他们。
For example, for the 2 s, again what you see is that the multi-electron atom, its 2 s orbital is lower in energy than it is for the hydrogen.
举例来说对于2s轨道，在多电子原子，中可以看到，它的2s轨道的能量低于氢原子的。
In both cases we're taking an electron out of the 2 s orbital.
在这两种情况下，我们都拿走了一个，2s，电子。
And if we think about the six hydrogens, now each of those are going to bind by combining one of the carbon hybrid orbitals to a 1 s orbital of hydrogen.
如果我们考虑有六个氢原子，每个都会合起来，碳杂化轨道成键，每个氢的1s轨道。
So this is the 1 s star, sigma 1 s star orbital, and what you have in the center here is a node, right in the center between the two nuclei.
这是1s星，sigma1s星轨道，中间这个是节点，它在两个原子核中间。
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