Xia-Shang-Zhou dynasties were an important historic period of Chinese civilization from rise to prosperous.
夏、商与西周三代，是中国古代文明由兴起到繁盛的重要历史时期。
(Xingcan Chen and li Liu) Online discussion provoked by the Xia-Shang-Zhou Chronology Project. Ancient civilizations review, 9:16-37.
(陈星灿、刘莉)《夏商周断代工程引起的网上讨论记事》，《古代文明通讯》9：16 - 37。
King Wu of Zhou, added a seventh string to encourage his army to fight with the Shang.
周武王增加了第七根弦，以鼓励他的军队与商朝作战。
In the Zhou dynasty, King Wen of Zhou added a sixth string for his son King Wu of Zhou to encourage his army to fight with the Shang.
周文王为他的儿子周武王增加了第六根琴弦，鼓励他的军队与商朝作战。
Yet many elements of early cultures such as the Shang and the Zhou remained recognizable across the millennia.
然而，象商朝和周朝时期一样的早期文化的许多元素，纵贯几千年仍然可辨。
To say that a black bird gave birth to shang which was brought forward by east zhou people is just an erroneousness a fairy story.
把“玄鸟生商”作为商族起源说是东周人的假说讹传，仅是一种神话传说。
Took on the first day, the first lunar month shang dynasty in the month of December, the zhou dynasty beginning in November.
夏代在正月初一，商代在十二月初一，周代在十一月初一。
To sum up, in the late primitive society to the xia, shang and zhou era is the main currency form physical currency, has a wide circulation is natural.
综上所述，原始社会后期至夏、商、周时代主要货币形态是实物货币，流通较广的是天然贝。
Other sources on the Shang come from historical records of the later Zhou Dynasty and the han Dynasty Shiji by Sima Qian.
其他来源的尚来自历史记录，后来周朝和汉朝的司马迁史记。
Morley: And he Shang carved jade birds to honor their ancestors, so the Zhou did the same.
莫理：商人雕刻玉鸟来缅怀祖先，于是周人也这么做。
Morley: From what we've seen so far, it seems like the Shang set the pace for the Zhou.
莫理：从刚刚看到现在，商朝似乎为周朝立下榜样。
During staying in the state of Shang and Zhou, he was destitute down and out.
在商与周两地穷困潦倒，生活拮据。
In addition to the above, the bronze aware as the research object refers to that of not only the Xia, Shang, and Zhou period from the time axis, but also the initial stages to the Han dynasty.
需要说明的是，作为研究对象的青铜器，从时间轴上来看，并不仅仅指夏商周三代的青铜器，而是包括从滥觞期的青铜器，一直到汉代赋予新含义的青铜制品。
This thought originated from primitive myths of goddess worship and Yin-Shang culture and also was a reflection on male chauvinism at the end of West Zhou Dynasty.
而这种思想的来源则受到了原始女神崇拜神话和殷商文化的影响，也是对西周末年父权文化的一种反思。
Confucius' aesthetic thought lays emphasis on the transcendence of individual pursuit. It originated in the theological culture of Yin-Shang dynasty and the musical theory of Zhou dynasty.
孔子的美学思想强调个体追求的超越性，这种思想源于殷商神权文化和周朝的礼乐思想。
It is expounded in the paper that integration of art structure in Shang and Zhou Dynasties Show the fentures of Chinese art on type, code-medium, and subjectival-purport.
本文通过对商周之际中国艺术结构整合的描述，揭示了中国艺术在型态、媒介与旨趣追求方面所显示的特质。
The concepts of "justice"and"cunning" showed different two kinds of ideas of war in Shang and Zhou Dynasties and Spring and Autum Dynasties which were in sequence.
“仁义”和“诡道”概念不仅表达了先秦两种不同的战争观念，而且为商周与春秋战国时期这两个相衔接的历史时期的不同战争观念。
Maddie: True. The Shang used bronzes for funerals, so the Zhou used bronzes for funerals.
曼蒂：没错，商朝在葬礼上使用青铜器，所以周朝也在葬礼上使用青铜器。
Bronze Jue is one of the core artifacts showing the lordship and the rank in Shang and Zhou dynasties, its number is a direct reflection of the rank of the owners.
青铜爵是商周时期显示贵族身份和等级的核心器物之一，它的数量多少直接反映了拥有者的等级高低。
Morley: Look at these Shang and Zhou pieces. Why are so many shaped like birds?
莫理：来看这些商、周的器物。为什么这么多的形状像鸟？
Bronze you is one of the main wine containers in Shang and Zhou dynasty, and plays an important role in ritual vessels.
青铜卣是商周时期主要的盛酒器之一，在青铜礼器中占有十分重要的地位。
Abstract:Basedon the criterion of boundary between Shang and Western Zhou dynasty in Anyang region, a pile of Western Zhou remains are distinguished.
摘要：本文在提出安阳地区商周分界判断标准的基础上，新辨识出一批重要的西周遗存。
Polite expressions in ancient China refer to expressions with polite and humble flavor used in life of ancient people in Xia, Shang and West Zhou periods.
中国上古敬语指夏、商、西周时期上古先民语言生活中所运用的那些带有敬谦礼貌色彩的词语。
Bronze Gu was a type of important wine vessels and the core of the sacrificial system in the Shang and Zhou period.
青铜觚是商周时期最常见的青铜礼器之一，也是商代酒礼器制度的核心。
During the Shang and Zhou Dynasty, its subject matter mainly circled around people's belief, expectation and entrustment to ghosts and forebears, full of mystery and solemnity.
其主题主要是表达商周时代人们对天上神祇和祖先的信仰、期待与委托，充满神秘和威严。
During the Shang and Zhou Dynasty, its subject matter mainly circled around people's belief, expectation and entrustment to ghosts and forebears, full of mystery and solemnity.
其主题主要是表达商周时代人们对天上神祇和祖先的信仰、期待与委托，充满神秘和威严。
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