The digital signature is different from traditional signature, it is based on public key cryptosystems and is constructed by cryptogram arithmetic.

数字签名不同于传统的手写签名方式，它是基于公钥密码体制，依据一定的密码算法构造而成的。

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Public key cryptographic arithmetic consists of many modular reduction operations.

在公钥密码运算中，存在较多的取模操作。

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An area efficient modular arithmetic processor was developed that is capable of performing RSA public-key cryptography and other modular arithmetic operations as a coprocessor.

为以较小的面积代价实现RSA公钥密码算法及其他一些算法所需的求模、模加、模乘、模幂等运算，该文设计了一种可作为协处理器使用的模运算处理器。

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An area efficient modular arithmetic processor was developed that is capable of performing RSA public-key cryptography and other modular arithmetic operations as a coprocessor.

为以较小的面积代价实现RSA公钥密码算法及其他一些算法所需的求模、模加、模乘、模幂等运算，该文设计了一种可作为协处理器使用的模运算处理器。

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