PCNL; kidney hemorrhage; A-V fistula; kidney artery; arterial embolization.
PCNL；肾出血；动静脉瘘；肾动脉；肾动脉栓塞。
To investigate the methods of PCNL for the treatment of the complex renal calculi.
目的探讨复杂性肾结石经皮肾镜的治疗方法。
The stone-free rate of PCNL was 100% for pelvic and upper ureteral stone and 95% for stag-horn stone.
经皮肾穿肾镜取石，肾盂和输尿管上段结石的取净率为100%；
Conclusions There are subjective and objective reasons for the failure of retrograde intubation in PCNL.
结论经皮肾镜取石术式中输尿管逆行插管失败有主、客原因。
Methods To evaluate the effect of 120 cases of the complex upper urinary calculus treated by URL and PCNL.
方法对120例复杂型上尿路多发性结石患者采用输尿管镜取石联合经皮肾穿刺取石术进行治疗。
Conclusion Interventional therapy is safe and effective methods in treatment of kidney hemorrhage after PCNL.
结论介入方法为PCNL术后肾出血止血安全有效的方法。
Objective:To investigate the safety and feasibility of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) technique for renal malrotation with lithiasis.
目的：探讨经皮肾穿刺造瘘碎石术（PCNL）对肾脏旋转不良并发结石的疗效。
ObjectivesTo present the clinic efficacy and our experience with PCNL under B-type ultrasound guidance in the treatment of calculus in upper urinary.
目的评价超声引导下标准经皮肾镜碎石取石术治疗上尿路结石的疗效和治疗经验。
Methods Reviewable summary for 50 cases of anesthesia to combined operation of URSL and PCNL. by CSEA and Epidural Black anesthesia With Double Conduit.
方法对50例采用腰-硬联合、硬膜外两点阻滞法完成URSL及PCNL联合手术麻醉回顾性总结。
Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of combined pneumatic and ultrasound lithotripsy in percutaneous nephrolithotomy(PCNL) for renal calculi under B-type ultrasound guide.
目的探讨B超引导建立穿刺通道经皮肾镜气压弹道联合超声碎石术（PCNL）治疗肾结石的疗效。
Conclusions Superselective renal artery embolization is a safe and effective method in the treatment of severe hemorrhage after PCNL. It is the best way while other therapies show no effect.
结论超选择性肾动脉栓塞术是治疗pcnl术后大出血安全、有效的手段，可作为保守治疗无效患者的首选治疗方法。
Conclusions Superselective renal artery embolization is a safe and effective method in the treatment of severe hemorrhage after PCNL. It is the best way while other therapies show no effect.
结论超选择性肾动脉栓塞术是治疗pcnl术后大出血安全、有效的手段，可作为保守治疗无效患者的首选治疗方法。
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