OK, so that's the general method of calculation, but we've seen a shortcut for work when we can show that the field is the gradient of potential.
这就是计算的一般方法，但求功的时候，如果向量场是某个势的梯度,是有捷径可走的。
For example, the electric field or gravitational field is given by the gradient of the gravitational or electric potential.
例如由重力势梯度给出的重力场，或由电势梯度给出的电场。
So, it's a force field is the gradient of a potential so, I'll still keep my plus signs.
有一个力场，它是某种势的梯度，我们还是保持正号。
In this paper the transmission of paraxial light beams was analyzed based on the gradient vector potential of electromagnetic field.
本文运用电磁场的梯度矢势分析了一般情况下傍轴光束的衍射传输问题。
Finally, the influence of orbital errors and potential coefficient errors on the gravity gradient measurements are conversely found out.
最后，反求轨道误差和位系数误差对重力梯度测量值的影响。
The reason is that it is under the effect of matrix potential gradient in stead of moisture content gradient.
其原因是土壤水运动是在相应的基质势梯度作用下发生的，而并不需要对应的含水量梯度。
The potential devevelopment trends in the field of(gradient) copolymer were pointed out.
指出了梯度共聚物可能的研究方向。
When the direction of the magnetic field strength gradient and the direction of the chemical potential gradient is identical, the effect of the mass transfer is best.
并指出当外加磁场感应强度梯度的方向和化学势梯度的方向一致时，传质效果最好。
Gravity gradient is the second order derivative of gravitational potential, which can be observed by satellite gradiometer.
重力梯度为重力位的二阶导数，可以通过星载梯度仪进行观测。
This indicates that there is more profound physical meaning of the gradient vector potential of electromagnetic field.
因此，它表明电磁场的梯度矢势具有更明显的物理意义。
This algorithm has combined the gradient mapping of binary edge image and the potential distribution of people's facial characteristics.
该算法将二值边缘图像的梯度映射和人的面部特征的潜在分布规律相结合。
Active transport The use of energy to move a solute across a membrane against a concentration gradient, a potential gradient, or both (electrochemical potential) . Uphill transport.
主动吸收：亦称代谢吸收。指细胞直接利用能量做功，逆着电化学势梯度吸收离子的过程。
The equation shows that the potential depends on the chemical potential gradient of the active ions in the occluded pitting and partial potential drop corresponding to the same ions.
此式表明，蚀坑内的电压取决于蚀坑内各类活性腐蚀因子的化学势梯度和相应粒子的电压降。
The normalized full gradient and phase of gravity anomalies have been studied by potential field conversion and fast Fourier transform in wave-number domain.
用波数域的位场转换和快速傅立叶变换理论研究重力归一化总梯度和归一化相位；
Water potential reflects energy level of soil water and the gradient of water potential is an impotent factor describing direction and velocity of water flow.
水势反映土壤水的能态，而水势梯度则是决定水流方向和速度的重要因素。
Tests reveal that the bottom of the reinforcement cage corresponds to the minimum of the electric potential gradient curve and the inflexion of the electric potential curve.
根据充电法原理，结合模型桩试验，分析了钢筋笼周围的充电电场特征，结果表明钢筋笼的底端对应于电位梯度曲线的极小值点及电位曲线的拐点。
The conservative force and the gradient of the potential energy are dual vectors.
保守力与势能梯度互为对偶矢量。
The strong vertical temperature gradient is sometimes more indicative than the convective available potential energy in making potential prediction of severe convective storms.
在强对流天气潜势预报中，强垂直温度梯度有时比对流有效位能更有指示性。
High energy heavy ions generate potential tracks on the face of insulated material, and a porous surface with gradient refractive index can be formed by etching the ion tracks.
高能重离子在绝缘材料表面产生的潜径迹经过蚀刻后形成一定形貌的核径迹孔，而密集的径迹孔表面相当于渐变折射率层。
The potential distribution and gradient distribution of the dry - type transformer with subsection and layer winding applied transient voltage are simulated by SIMULINK.
采用SIMULINK软件仿真出了分段层式干式变压器线圈在暂态电压作用下的电位分布和梯度分布。
Meanwhile, by the influence of water vapor in the process of heating, the gradient of equivalent potential temperature weakened, and baroclinic term also declined, so the total MPV increases.
同时，在此过程中受水汽加热的影响，水平相当位温梯度减弱，负的斜压项减弱，使得总的湿位涡正值增大。
Affected by hydraulic potential gradient, the unsaturated soil water in the furrow soil may supply laterally the ridge soil of adjacent furrow.
受水势梯度的影响，犁沟内非饱和水可以侧向补给相邻畦埂的土壤。
The effects of direction, strength of interferential electric field, as well as the arranged space between steel electrodes on measured potential gradient were investigated.
实验研究干扰电场方向、强度和钢电极间距等对测量电位梯度的影响。
Furthermore, the effectiveness of the temperature gradient in the paper generated during calendering process, and the economic potential of energy-saving on a belt calendar was discussed.
并由此对带式压光在纸幅中所产生的温度梯度的有效性和可行的节能方法及其所能产生的效益进行了初步探讨。
Growth deformation gradient through stress potential in the restructuring of blood vessel was proposed and a numerical example was given.
在管壁应力计算技术的基础上，引入生长势能函数，对血管重新构型的过程进行计算分析。
The optical properties and electrical structure of V in ZnS supercell have been computed by means of plane wave pseudo-potential method(PWP) with generalized gradient approximation(GGA).
运用密度泛函平面波赝势方法（PWP）和广义梯度近似（GGA），对替代式掺杂钒（V）的闪锌矿（ZnS）的超晶胞电子结构进行了计算。
The optical properties and electrical structure of V in ZnS supercell have been computed by means of plane wave pseudo-potential method(PWP) with generalized gradient approximation(GGA).
运用密度泛函平面波赝势方法（PWP）和广义梯度近似（GGA），对替代式掺杂钒（V）的闪锌矿（ZnS）的超晶胞电子结构进行了计算。
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