It also explains why some of the forts continued in occupation long after Rome ceased to have any formal authority in Britain.
这也解释了为什么罗马不再在英国拥有任何正式的权威之后，还有一些堡垒继续处于被占领的状态。
You don't need to have formal authority to become a leader.
你不需要有正式的权利来成为一名领导者。
Gray represents non-involvement, giving it a formal authority.
灰色代表金盆洗手，放弃形式上的权力。
In short, he is a man at ease with the exercise of formal authority.
总之，他是一个能自如行使权力的人。
But if relying on your formal authority isn't the best way to influence others, what is?
但是，如果依靠正式职权并不能最有效地影响其他人，那么，什么才是最佳方式呢？
Conventional wisdom may suggest that your key tool of influence is the power or formal authority that comes with your title.
传统观点认为，施加影响的核心工具，就是你的头衔带给你的权力或者正式职权。
The right rhetorical and managerial style may allow secretaries-general to overcome, to some degree, the lack of formal authority.
在某种程度上，措辞上恰当的修饰及行事上合适的管理风格可以使秘书长克服缺乏正式权威的困难。
This combination of formal authority and effective control produces a flow of decisions whose purpose it is to promote community.
这种正式的权威与有效支配的结合正是决策产生的流程，其目的是促进整个社会团体。
The structure of formal authority in an organization typically is related to the appointment, disciplining, and dismissal of personnel.
一个组织中正式权威的构成通常与委派、处罚、及人事解雇有关。
There will be three new core courses, out of 12: problem framing, exerting influence without formal authority, and leading people.
在所有12个问题构建中，哈斯商学院还将开设3门全新的基础课程，通过不施加权力去领导别人来发挥作用。
Managers are appointed to their positions. Their ability to influence employees is based on the formal authority inherent in that position.
管理者是受上级任命在岗位上从事工作的，他们的影响力来自这一职位所赋予的正式权力。
Formal authority isgranted through position on an org chart, or through mandate (orsometimes fiat) from the senior management of an organization.
权威通过官方的文件授予一定的职位来确立，或者由高级组织管理层指定。
Even if you feel like a victim of your circumstances and have no formal authority, try to create your own moral authority. Show that you have personal courage.
即便你感到是你处境下的一位受害人，而且没有正式权威，试着建立自己的道德权威。展现出你拥有个人勇气。
'Often and it comes as a surprise to most this means challenging organizational processes or structures that exist above and beyond their area of formal authority.
常常，也是出乎大部分人意料的是，这意味着挑战他们正式职权范围以外的组织程序或是组织结构。
Often and it comes as a surprise to most this means challenging organizational processes or structures that exist above and beyond their area of formal authority.
常常，也是出乎大部分人意料的是，这意味着挑战他们正式职权范围以外的组织程序或是组织结构。
Often – and it comes as a surprise to most – this means challenging organizational processes or structures that exist above and beyond their area of formal authority.
通常，对很多人来说很惊讶的是，这意味着要挑战现成的，甚至是超越他们的权力范围的，组织结构和程序。
The answer is that in the presence of transaction costs, the formal authority of company decision-making may solve bargaining problems better inside the firm than market trading outside.
答案在于，在有交易成本的情况下，与外部的市场交易相比，公司决策的正式权力也许能够更好地解决议价问题。
Those influencers will help to sway others in the organization by helping to align their incentives with the tech change you're leading, and will help to bridge the formal authority gap.
这些影响者将会有助于诱使其他人跟随技术变革调整自己的激励因素，这样将会有助于弥合他们与你的差异。
Black denotes strength and authority; it is considered to be a very formal, elegant, and prestigious color (black tie, black Mercedes).
黑色有力量和权威的意思；他被认为是非常正式、优雅和威严的颜色(黑领结、黑色奔驰)。
But at the last minute he announced he had only just been given formal Federation Aviation Authority (FAA) approval to fly, and had therefore not had enough time to train.
但在最后关头，他却宣布自己刚刚接到美国联邦航空管理局的批准，没有足够的时间热身。
On the one hand, classical organization theory emphasizes formal lines of authority in a hierarchical organization, implying (as Barnard observed) that legitimate commands are typically carried out.
一方面，经典的组织理论强调层级组织中存在正式的职权线，这暗示了（也像Barnard所注意到的一样）通常所执行的命令的合法性。
Member countries are represented by their central bank or, where there is no central bank, the authority with formal responsibility for banking supervision in that country.
各成员国由它们的中央银行代表，那些没有中央银行的国家则由该国正式承担银行监管责任的机构代表。
Thus the Wolfedden Report (historical source) brought about the process of legislation (legal source) whereby Parliament gave its authority (formal source) to the Street Offences Act 1959.
因此《沃尔夫登报告》(历史渊源)导致了立法过程(法律渊源)，议会通过这个过程赋予1959年《道路犯罪法》以法律效力(正式渊源)。
Because the two sides signed the contract, the main obligation of the contract is to go to the housing authority to deal with the formal procedures of the agreement.
因双方签订的是预约合同，合同的主要义务是去房管局办理打协议的正式手续。
Established reporting relationships - formal or informal, direct or matrix - are effective, and they provide managers information appropriate to their responsibilities and authority.
建立起的汇报关系—正式或非正式的，直接或点阵式的—是有效的，并且他们提供给经理的信息是与他们的职责和权利相适应的。
Established reporting relationships - formal or informal, direct or matrix - are effective, and they provide managers information appropriate to their responsibilities and authority.
建立起的汇报关系—正式或非正式的，直接或点阵式的—是有效的，并且他们提供给经理的信息是与他们的职责和权利相适应的。
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