Unexpected cash dividends have little impact on the earnings signal, which is in consistent with the dividend irrelevance arguments.
现金股利和股票收益之间也没有明显的联系，这和股利不相关理论是一致的。
Before I talk, I just want to say one more thing about Modigliani-Miller and dividend--irrelevance of dividends.
在讲之前,我想再说一点,关于MM模型和股利无关性
Through the academic history, there have been three major theories on the economic effects of dividend tax: the irrelevance theory, the traditional theory and the tax capitalization theory.
纵观学术史，有关股息税经济作用的论述主要分为三种观点：传统观、税收无关观以及税收资本化观。
Through the academic history, there have been three major theories on the economic effects of dividend tax: the irrelevance theory, the traditional theory and the tax capitalization theory.
纵观学术史，有关股息税经济作用的论述主要分为三种观点：传统观、税收无关观以及税收资本化观。
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