But the simple fact is that coming up with a truly worthy LED bulb is enormously complex, requiring expertise in physics, chemistry, optics, design, and manufacturing.
实际上，做一个货真价实的LED灯管是相当复杂的，需要有精通物理、化学、光学、设计和制造的专业人才。
This approach leads to large, heavy and complex optical assemblies and a higher manufacturing cost for specialized optics.
这种方法导致了光学组件变得更大、更重而且趋于复杂化，光学制造成本较高。
Complex ray theory, based on geometrical optics, has been found to have many applications in areas of laser, microwave, acoustics, seismology etc.
以几何光学为基础的复射线理论已在激光、微波、声学和地震波等学科领域获得了广泛应用。
Quasi-Optical Mode Converter is mainly adopted vector diffraction theory and Geometry optics theory, and the numerical results of complex reflector are analyzed.
准光模式变换器主要采用矢量绕射理论和几何光学理论，并结合两种理论设计复杂反射曲面。
With matrix conversion of geometry optics as a basis, simulation and modeling for complex multi-lens imaging optical system for four-quad splitting are carried out through light ray trace.
以几何光学的矩阵变换为基础，通过光线追迹的方法，对四象限分光的多透镜成像复杂光学系统进行仿真建模。
The Physical Optics (PO) method is used to predict the RCS of complex targets, in this instance the Chengdu J-20 prototype.
物理光学（PO）方法被用来预测复杂目标，也就是成都歼20原型机的RCS。
It is a complex system composed of optics, mechanism, and electricity.
它是一个集光、机、电于一体的复杂系统。
This approach leads to large, heavy and complex optical assemblies and a higher manufacturing cost for specialized optics .
这种方法导致了光学组件变得更大、更重而且趋于复杂化，光学制造成本较高。
Technique of ICT is a complex technique related to radiology, optics, electronics and computer.
工业CT (ICT)技术是一项集放射、光学、电子、计算机等多种技术于一体综合性强的高新技术。
The lighting calculation of light guide is a complex problem, which is always based upon the geometric optics.
导光管照明计算是一个十分复杂的问题 ，国内外已有的导光管照明计算多建立在几何光学的基础上。
The lighting calculation of light guide is a complex problem, which is always based upon the geometric optics.
导光管照明计算是一个十分复杂的问题 ，国内外已有的导光管照明计算多建立在几何光学的基础上。
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